Department of Medical Microbiology, Division of Clinical Virology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Clin Virol. 2012 Jun;54(2):135-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.02.010. Epub 2012 Mar 6.
Comparative data on severity and treatment of seasonal, pandemic and post-pandemic influenza virus infections are scarce.
To systematically analyze characteristics of hospitalized patients with influenza in the post-pandemic period compared to seasonal and pandemic influenza.
Clinical and virological data of patients hospitalized in a tertiary referral hospital with post-pandemic influenza (2010-2011) were compared with those during seasonal influenza epidemics (2007-2009) and the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic (2009-2010).
82 patients were admitted during the post-pandemic period, compared to 85 during the pandemic and 60 during seasonal influenza epidemics. No differences were observed in the occurrence of complicated illness and the need for intensive care. However, radiographic pneumonia was significantly more often diagnosed in patients with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 compared to patients with seasonal influenza A (25% versus 71% in pandemic, p=0.004, and 55% in post-pandemic, p=0.047). Oseltamivir was more frequently prescribed in post-pandemic and pandemic patients compared to previous influenza seasons (48.9% resp. 76.5% versus 6.5%, p<0.0001). During the post-pandemic period, patients with influenza B were significantly less often treated with oseltamivir compared to patients with influenza A (27.0% versus 48.9%, p=0.043), although the course of illness in patients with influenza B was comparable with influenza A. No upsurge of oseltamivir resistance was observed.
In our center, severity of illness was comparable for all influenza seasons, although more radiographic pneumonia was diagnosed in patients with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. Despite the increased use of oseltamivir, no increase in oseltamivir resistance was detected.
季节性、大流行和大流行后流感病毒感染严重程度和治疗的比较数据很少。
系统分析大流行后时期住院流感患者与季节性和大流行流感的特征。
将三级转诊医院大流行后（2010-2011 年）与季节性流感流行（2007-2009 年）和甲型 H1N1pdm09 大流行（2009-2010 年）期间住院的流感患者的临床和病毒学数据进行比较。
大流行后时期有 82 例患者入院，大流行时期有 85 例，季节性流感流行时期有 60 例。复杂疾病的发生和需要重症监护没有差异。然而，与季节性流感 A 相比，甲型 H1N1pdm09 患者中更常诊断出放射学肺炎（大流行中为 25%对 71%，p=0.004，大流行后为 55%，p=0.047）。与以前的流感季节相比，大流行后和大流行时期更常使用奥司他韦（分别为 48.9%和 76.5%对 6.5%，p<0.0001）。在大流行后时期，与流感 A 相比，流感 B 患者接受奥司他韦治疗的比例明显较低（27.0%对 48.9%，p=0.043），尽管流感 B 患者的病程与流感 A 相当。未观察到奥司他韦耐药性的增加。
在我们中心，所有流感季节的疾病严重程度相似，尽管甲型 H1N1pdm09 患者更常诊断出放射学肺炎。尽管奥司他韦的使用增加，但未检测到奥司他韦耐药性的增加。
