Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
J Phys Act Health. 2013 Jan;10(1):122-31. Epub 2012 Feb 29.
There are no previous data on factors at multiple levels associated with the stages of change for dog walking. The current study examined psychosocial and environmental correlates of the stages of change for dog walking among Japanese dog owners.
Dog owners (N = 1940) completed a self-administered questionnaire that included items about demographics as well as psychosocial (dog attachment, dog obligation, normative belief, social norm, social support, self-efficacy) and environmental (access to areas, neighborhood safety, enjoyable scenery, frequently observing others dog walking, area where dogs are allowed to be off the lead) factors. MANOVA and discriminant functional analysis were used.
The distribution of the dog owners across the stages was as follows: precontemplation (14.7%), contemplation (7.6%), preparation (39.7%), action (2.8%), and maintenance (35.2%). Although differences among the stages were found for all factors in MANOVA, the pattern of distinction among stages differed depending on the factors. Dog obligation and self-efficacy were the best predictors of the stages of change for dog walking.
Although psychosocial and environmental correlates differed with the stages, psychosocial factors such as the sense of obligation and self-efficacy in dog walking seem to make relatively stronger contributions to distinctions among the stages.
目前尚无关于与遛狗变化阶段相关的多层面因素的相关数据。本研究旨在探讨日本遛狗者的遛狗变化阶段的心理社会和环境相关性。
1940 名狗主人完成了一份自我管理问卷，内容包括人口统计学信息以及心理社会因素（狗的依附、养狗义务、规范信念、社会规范、社会支持、自我效能感）和环境因素（可到达的区域、社区安全、宜人的风景、经常观察到他人遛狗、允许狗离开皮带的区域）。采用 MANOVA 和判别函数分析。
狗主人在各个阶段的分布情况如下：未考虑期（14.7%）、考虑期（7.6%）、准备期（39.7%）、行动期（2.8%）和维持期（35.2%）。虽然 MANOVA 中所有因素在各个阶段都存在差异，但各阶段之间的区别模式因因素而异。养狗义务和自我效能感是遛狗变化阶段的最佳预测指标。
尽管心理社会和环境相关性因阶段而异，但遛狗的心理社会因素（如养狗义务感和自我效能感）似乎对各阶段之间的区别做出了相对更强的贡献。
