Department of Psychology, Fordham University, USA.
Psychotherapy (Chic). 2010 Sep;47(3):273-5. doi: 10.1037/a0021172.
Psychotherapists began sharing their clinical experiences with men's gender-related psychological issues and the challenges of addressing them in therapy during the late 1970s and early 1980s (e.g., O'Neil, 1981; Scher, 1979; Skovholt, 1978). However, it has taken several decades for these messages and the accompanying research to yield advances that are being adopted into more mainstream psychotherapeutic practices. Over the recent three decades, the theory, research, and clinical wisdom about psychotherapy with men can be viewed as falling into several main clusters. Specifically, there is literature and research providing: - General information on masculine socialization and the psychology of men. - Information about specific issues that men and male clients bring to therapy. - Information about the expectations and experiences of specific groups of men (e.g., men of differing racial/ethnic backgrounds, geographical regions, age cohorts, spiritual/religious beliefs, differing physical ability statuses). - Suggestions for addressing men's reluctance to seek psychotherapy and the challenges associated with forming therapeutic working alliances with men when they do come to therapy. - Suggestions regarding adjustments to psychotherapeutic processes for conducting effective psychotherapy with men. - Development and assessment of instruments to assess endorsement of various male norms and of aspects of men's gender role conflict and stress. Reviewing the earliest writings, some of these pioneering therapists' initial clinical observations remain highly relevant today.
心理治疗师在 20 世纪 70 年代末和 80 年代初开始分享他们在男性与性别相关的心理问题和在治疗中解决这些问题的挑战方面的临床经验（例如，奥尼尔，1981；舍，1979；斯科霍夫特，1978）。然而，这些信息和伴随而来的研究成果需要几十年的时间才能取得进展，并被纳入更主流的心理治疗实践中。在最近的三十年中，关于男性心理治疗的理论、研究和临床智慧可以被视为分为几个主要的集群。具体来说，有文献和研究提供了以下信息：
关于男性社会化和男性心理学的一般信息。
关于男性和男性客户在治疗中带来的特定问题的信息。
关于特定群体男性的期望和经验的信息（例如，不同种族/族裔背景、地理位置、年龄组、精神/宗教信仰、不同身体能力状况的男性）。
关于解决男性不愿意寻求心理治疗的问题以及在他们确实来治疗时与男性建立治疗工作联盟相关的挑战的建议。
关于调整心理治疗过程以对男性进行有效心理治疗的建议。
开发和评估评估各种男性规范以及男性性别角色冲突和压力方面的工具。
回顾最早的著作，其中一些先驱治疗师的最初临床观察至今仍然非常相关。
