Alroumi Fahad, Sarwar Akmal, Grgurich Philip E, Lei Yuxiu, Hudcova Jana, Craven Donald E
Department of General Internal Medicine, Lahey Clinic Medical Center, Burlington, MA 01805, USA.
Hosp Pract (1995). 2012 Feb;40(1):81-92. doi: 10.3810/hp.2012.02.949.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia is associated with significant patient morbidity, mortality, and increased health care costs. In the current economic climate, it is crucial to implement cost-effective prevention strategies that have proven efficacy. Multiple prevention measures have been proposed by various expert panels. Global strategies have focused on infection control, and reduction of lower airway colonization with bacterial pathogens, intubation, duration of mechanical ventilation, and length of stay in the intensive care unit. Routine use of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement ventilator care bundle is widespread, and has been clearly demonstrated to be an effective method for reducing the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. In this article, we examine specific aspects of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement bundle, better-designed endotracheal tubes, use of antibiotics and probiotics, and treatment of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.
呼吸机相关性肺炎与患者的高发病率、死亡率以及医疗费用增加相关。在当前的经济环境下，实施已证实有效的具有成本效益的预防策略至关重要。多个专家小组提出了多种预防措施。全球策略主要集中在感染控制、减少细菌病原体在下呼吸道的定植、插管、机械通气时间以及在重症监护病房的住院时间。医疗改进研究所呼吸机护理集束方案的常规使用很普遍，并且已被明确证明是降低呼吸机相关性肺炎发病率的有效方法。在本文中，我们研究了医疗改进研究所集束方案的具体方面、设计更优的气管插管、抗生素和益生菌的使用以及呼吸机相关性气管支气管炎的治疗，以预防呼吸机相关性肺炎。
