Schuknecht H F, Suzuka Y, Zimmermann C
Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston 02114.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1990 Nov;99(11):843-53. doi: 10.1177/000348949009901101.
Delayed endolymphatic hydrops (EH) can be characterized as having ipsilateral and contralateral types. They are similar in that both have early and late phases of otologic symptoms and that the early phase is a profound hearing loss in one ear. The late phases differ, however, in that the ipsilateral type develops the symptoms of EH (episodic vertigo) in the deaf ear and the contralateral type develops the symptoms of EH (fluctuating hearing loss and/or episodic vertigo) in the hearing ear. In more than half the cases of both types of delayed EH, the profound hearing losses in the early phase are simply discovered to be present in early childhood without a known time of onset. The temporal bones of two patients with contralateral delayed EH show pathologic changes in the deaf ears that are similar to those known to occur in mumps and measles labyrinthitis, whereas the pathologic changes in the hearing ears are similar to those known to occur in Meniere's disease. These observations support the proposition that Meniere's disease may occur as a delayed sequela of inner ear damage sustained during an attack of subclinical viral labyrinthitis occurring in childhood.
迟发性内淋巴积水（EH）可分为同侧型和对侧型。它们的相似之处在于，两者都有耳科症状的早期和晚期阶段，且早期阶段均为单耳严重听力损失。然而，晚期阶段有所不同，同侧型在患耳出现EH症状（发作性眩晕），而对侧型在健耳出现EH症状（波动性听力损失和/或发作性眩晕）。在这两种类型的迟发性EH病例中，超过半数的早期严重听力损失是在儿童早期被发现的，且发病时间不明。两名对侧迟发性EH患者的颞骨显示，患耳的病理变化与已知在腮腺炎和麻疹性迷路炎中出现的变化相似，而健耳的病理变化与已知在梅尼埃病中出现的变化相似。这些观察结果支持了这样一种观点，即梅尼埃病可能是儿童期发生的亚临床病毒性迷路炎发作期间内耳损伤的延迟后遗症。
