Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Neuropeptides. 2012 Jun;46(3):113-8. doi: 10.1016/j.npep.2012.02.001. Epub 2012 Mar 11.
To determine whether different glycemic index (GI) diets have different effects on the acute secretion of motilin, orexin and neuropeptide Y (NPY), regulators of food intake, energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism.
Fifty healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to two groups and were fed an isocaloric breakfast (464 kcal) containing high GI (HGI; GI=90) or low GI (LGI; GI=47) components. Serum motilin, orexin, and NPY concentrations were measured before (0 h) and 2h after the meal.
The concentrations of motilin, orexin-A, NPY, C-peptide, and blood glucose at 0 h were similar in both groups of subjects. However, 2 h after breakfast, the serum motilin, NPY, C-peptide, and blood glucose concentrations were increased and orexin-A concentrations were decreased in both groups. The percentage changes from 0 to 2 h [(2-h value-0-h value)/baseline×100)] in motilin (27.72±2.46% vs. 20.95±2.06%, p=0.04) and orexin-A (9.15±2.06% vs. 3.49±1.67%, p=0.038) concentrations were significantly higher in the LGI group than in the HGI group. By contrast, the percentage changes in NPY (53.7±9.73% vs. 28.1±5.2%, p=0.026) and blood glucose (12.3±3.78% vs. 1.77±2.52%, p=0.025) concentrations were significantly greater in the HGI group than in the LGI group. Although C-peptide concentrations increased significantly after breakfast in both groups, the magnitude of the increase was similar (132.69±25.15% vs. 139.98±27.29%, p=0.845). Motilin and NPY concentrations were moderately positive correlated (r=0.410, p=0.042), while orexin-A and NPY concentrations were negatively correlated (r=-0.429, p=0.033) at 2h in the LGI group.
A breakfast with a LGI reduced the secretion of orexin-A but significantly stimulated motilin secretion, without marked effects on the secretion of NPY. Therefore, consumption of a LGI diet may help to regulate food intake and energy expenditure in healthy individuals based on the changes in these hormones.
确定不同血糖指数（GI）饮食对胃动素、食欲素和神经肽 Y（NPY）等调节食物摄入、能量平衡和葡萄糖代谢的激素的急性分泌是否有不同的影响。
将 50 名健康志愿者随机分为两组，分别给予含高血糖指数（HGI；GI=90）或低血糖指数（LGI；GI=47）成分的等热量早餐（464 千卡）。在餐前（0 小时）和餐后 2 小时测量血清胃动素、食欲素和 NPY 浓度。
两组受试者的胃动素、食欲素 A、NPY、C 肽和血糖浓度在 0 小时时相似。然而，早餐后 2 小时，两组血清胃动素、NPY、C 肽和血糖浓度升高，食欲素 A 浓度降低。胃动素（27.72±2.46%比 20.95±2.06%，p=0.04）和食欲素 A（9.15±2.06%比 3.49±1.67%，p=0.038）浓度从 0 小时到 2 小时的百分比变化在 LGI 组明显高于 HGI 组。相比之下，HGI 组 NPY（53.7±9.73%比 28.1±5.2%，p=0.026）和血糖（12.3±3.78%比 1.77±2.52%，p=0.025）浓度的百分比变化明显大于 LGI 组。尽管两组早餐后 C 肽浓度均显著升高，但升高幅度相似（132.69±25.15%比 139.98±27.29%，p=0.845）。LGI 组胃动素和 NPY 浓度呈中度正相关（r=0.410，p=0.042），而食欲素 A 和 NPY 浓度呈负相关（r=-0.429，p=0.033）。
LGI 早餐可减少食欲素 A 的分泌，但显著刺激胃动素的分泌，对 NPY 的分泌无明显影响。因此，基于这些激素的变化，摄入 LGI 饮食可能有助于调节健康个体的食物摄入和能量消耗。
