Finn R S
Department of Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, USA.
Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol. 2012 Mar;58(1):25-34.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common complication of chronic liver disease and represents the third-leading cause of death world-wide. While the majority of cases occur in Asia, the incidence has been rising in the West for some time. This is driven not only by the Hepatitis C epidemic but also the rising incidence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and resulting liver disease. Despite its frequency, treatments for HCC have generally been limited. Curative treatments are limited to surgical resection or liver transplant for a subset of patients and locally ablative techniques such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) have been shown to extend survival for patients with unresectable and intermediate stage liver cancer. For patients with advanced HCC, sorafenib, a small molecule multitargeted kinase inhibitor is the only agent that has been shown to improve survival. At this time there is an abundance of research activity in HCC with an emphasis on developing new agents that target specific molecular alterations in HCC. In this review, we will focus on those agents currently in Phase III studies for front-line, second-line and other indications.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是慢性肝病的常见并发症，是全球第三大死因。虽然大多数病例发生在亚洲，但一段时间以来西方的发病率一直在上升。这不仅是由丙型肝炎流行所致，也是非酒精性脂肪性肝炎及由此导致的肝病发病率上升所致。尽管HCC发病率很高，但其治疗方法通常有限。根治性治疗仅限于部分患者的手术切除或肝移植，而诸如射频消融（RFA）和经动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）等局部消融技术已被证明可延长不可切除的中期肝癌患者的生存期。对于晚期HCC患者，索拉非尼，一种小分子多靶点激酶抑制剂，是唯一已被证明可改善生存期的药物。目前，HCC领域有大量研究活动，重点是开发针对HCC中特定分子改变的新药物。在本综述中，我们将重点关注目前处于III期研究用于一线、二线及其他适应症的药物。
