Luque David, Vadillo Miguel A
Departamento de Psicología Básica, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Spain.
Psychol Rep. 2011 Dec;109(3):1001-16. doi: 10.2466/22.23.PR0.109.6.1001-1016.
Two types of theories are usually invoked to account for cue-interaction effects in human-contingency learning, performance-based theories, such as the comparator hypothesis and statistical models, and learning-based theories, such as associative models. Interestingly, the former models predict two important cue-interaction effects, forward and backward blocking, should affect responding in a similar manner, whereas learning-based models predict the effect of forward blocking should be larger than the effect of backward blocking. Previous experiments involved important methodological problems, and results have been contradictory. The present experiment was designed to explore potential asymmetries between forward and backward blocking. Analyses yielded similar effect sizes, thereby favoring the explanation by performance-based models.
通常有两种理论被用来解释人类偶然性学习中的线索交互效应，即基于表现的理论，如比较器假说和统计模型，以及基于学习的理论，如联想模型。有趣的是，前者模型预测两种重要的线索交互效应，即正向和反向阻断，应该以相似的方式影响反应，而基于学习的模型预测正向阻断的效应应该大于反向阻断的效应。先前的实验存在重要的方法学问题，结果也相互矛盾。本实验旨在探索正向和反向阻断之间潜在的不对称性。分析得出了相似的效应量，从而支持了基于表现的模型的解释。
