Kufahl Peter R, Olive M Foster
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ85287, USA.
J Addict Res Ther. 2011 Nov 15;S1(3). doi: 10.4172/2155-6105.s1-003.
Like all other drugs of abuse, the primary therapeutic objective for treating methamphetamine addiction research is the maintenance of abstinence and prevention of relapse to habitual drug-taking. Compounds with the potential to prevent relapse are often investigated in rats that are trained to self-administer intravenous methamphetamine, subjected to extinction training where responding is no longer reinforced, and then given tests for reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior triggered by methamphetamine injections or re-exposure to drug-paired cues. Experimental compounds are administered to the animals prior to the reinstatement tests to evaluate their potential for attenuating or preventing drug-seeking behavior. This article describes the common procedures of the extinction-reinstatement model in studies of this type, and identifies areas of discrepancy. This is followed by a comprehensive overview of the currently published anti-reinstatement effects of pharmacological compounds, classified by the most relevant neurological systems associated with these compounds. The article concludes with a brief discussion of how the study of anti-reinstatement effects can be expanded to further verify existing positive results or to find novel neurobiological targets.
与所有其他成瘾药物一样，治疗甲基苯丙胺成瘾研究的主要治疗目标是维持戒断状态并防止复吸至习惯性吸毒。有预防复吸潜力的化合物通常在经过训练可自行静脉注射甲基苯丙胺的大鼠身上进行研究，这些大鼠要接受消退训练，即不再强化反应，然后进行测试，以检测由甲基苯丙胺注射或再次接触与药物配对的线索引发的觅药行为的恢复情况。在恢复测试之前给动物施用实验性化合物，以评估它们减弱或预防觅药行为的潜力。本文描述了此类研究中消退-恢复模型的常见程序，并指出了存在差异的领域。接下来是对目前已发表的药理化合物抗恢复作用的全面综述，这些化合物按与其相关的最相关神经学系统分类。文章最后简要讨论了如何扩展抗恢复作用的研究，以进一步验证现有的阳性结果或找到新的神经生物学靶点。
