Okazaki Ryuji, Ootsuyama Akira, Abe Toshiaki, Kuto Tatsuhiko
Department of Radiation Biology and Health, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
J UOEH. 2012 Mar 1;34(1):91-105. doi: 10.7888/juoeh.34.91.
A questionnaire survey about the public's image of radiation was performed after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) accident. The survey was taken by general citizens (200 and 1640 in Fukushima and 52 outside of Fukushima) and doctors (63 in Fukushima and 1942 outside of Fukushima (53 in Oita, 44 in Sagamihara and 1,845 in Kitakyushu)) in and outside of Fukushima and second year medical students in the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan. The questionnaire surveys were performed during lectures about radiation. The response rates were 86% for the general citizens in Fukushima, 91% for the general citizens outside of Fukushima, 86% for doctors in Fukushima, and 85% and 86% for doctors in Sagamihara and Oita, respectively. The questionnaire surveys were sent to clinics and hospitals in Fukushima where the general citizens answered with a response rate of 50%. When the questionnaire surveys were sent to clinics and hospitals in Kitakyushu, doctors answered, with a response rate of 17%. The percentages of anxiety about future radiation effects after the FDNPP accident were the highest among the general citizens (71.6% in Fukushima and 40.4% outside of Fukushima), in the middle among the doctors (30.2% in Fukushima and 26.2% outside of Fukushima) and the lowest among the medical students (12.2%). The doctors in Fukushima and the medical students were anxious about food and soil pollution. The general citizens and the doctors outside of Fukushima were anxious about health problems and food and soil pollution. We concluded that a high level of education about radiation decreased the anxiety about the radiation effects. It is important to spread knowledge about radiation.
在福岛第一核电站事故后，针对公众对辐射的认知开展了一项问卷调查。调查对象包括福岛县的普通民众（200人）、福岛县以外地区的普通民众（1640人）、福岛县的医生（63人）、福岛县以外地区的医生（1942人，其中大分县53人、相模原市44人、北九州市1845人）以及日本职业与环境卫生大学的二年级医学生。问卷调查在关于辐射的讲座期间进行。福岛县普通民众的回复率为86%，福岛县以外地区普通民众的回复率为91%，福岛县医生的回复率为86%，相模原市和大分县医生的回复率分别为85%和86%。调查问卷被发送至福岛县的诊所和医院，普通民众的回复率为50%。当调查问卷被发送至北九州市的诊所和医院时，医生的回复率为17%。福岛第一核电站事故后，普通民众对未来辐射影响的焦虑比例最高（福岛县为71.6%，福岛县以外地区为40.4%），医生的焦虑比例处于中等水平（福岛县为30.2%，福岛县以外地区为26.2%），医学生的焦虑比例最低（12.2%）。福岛县的医生和医学生担心食品和土壤污染。福岛县以外地区的普通民众和医生担心健康问题以及食品和土壤污染。我们得出结论，高水平的辐射教育降低了对辐射影响的焦虑。传播辐射知识很重要。
