Division of Emergency Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA. grant
Ann Emerg Med. 2012 Jun;59(6):484-90. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.01.019. Epub 2012 Mar 21.
Acute mountain sickness occurs in more than 25% of the tens of millions of people who travel to high altitude each year. Previous studies on chemoprophylaxis with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are limited in their ability to determine efficacy. We compare ibuprofen versus placebo in the prevention of acute mountain sickness incidence and severity on ascent from low to high altitude.
Healthy adult volunteers living at low altitude were randomized to ibuprofen 600 mg or placebo 3 times daily, starting 6 hours before ascent from 1,240 m (4,100 ft) to 3,810 m (12,570 ft) during July and August 2010 in the White Mountains of California. The main outcome measures were acute mountain sickness incidence and severity, measured by the Lake Louise Questionnaire acute mountain sickness score with a diagnosis of ≥ 3 with headache and 1 other symptom.
Eighty-six participants completed the study; 44 (51%) received ibuprofen and 42 (49%) placebo. There were no differences in demographic characteristics between the 2 groups. Fewer participants in the ibuprofen group (43%) developed acute mountain sickness compared with those receiving placebo (69%) (odds ratio 0.3, 95% confidence interval 0.1 to 0.8; number needed to treat 3.9, 95% confidence interval 2 to 33). The acute mountain sickness severity was higher in the placebo group (4.4 [SD 2.6]) than individuals receiving ibuprofen (3.2 [SD 2.4]) (mean difference 0.9%; 95% confidence interval 0.3% to 3.0%).
Compared with placebo, ibuprofen was effective in reducing the incidence of acute mountain sickness.
每年有超过数千万人前往高海拔地区，其中超过 25%的人会出现急性高原病。先前关于非甾体抗炎药化学预防的研究在确定疗效方面能力有限。我们比较了布洛芬与安慰剂在预防从低海拔到高海拔上升过程中急性高原病发病率和严重程度的作用。
居住在低海拔地区的健康成年志愿者随机分为布洛芬 600mg 组或安慰剂组，每日 3 次，在 2010 年 7 月至 8 月期间，从 1240 米（4100 英尺）升高到 3810 米（12570 英尺）时，于出发前 6 小时开始服用。主要观察指标为急性高原病的发病率和严重程度，采用路易丝湖问卷急性高原病评分进行评估，诊断标准为头痛和其他 1 个症状≥3 分。
86 名参与者完成了研究；44 名（51%）接受布洛芬治疗，42 名（49%）接受安慰剂治疗。两组的人口统计学特征无差异。布洛芬组（43%）参与者中出现急性高原病的人数少于安慰剂组（69%）（比值比 0.3，95%置信区间 0.1 至 0.8；需要治疗的人数为 3.9，95%置信区间 2 至 33）。安慰剂组的急性高原病严重程度（4.4[标准差 2.6]）高于接受布洛芬的患者（3.2[标准差 2.4]）（平均差异 0.9%；95%置信区间 0.3%至 3.0%）。
与安慰剂相比，布洛芬可有效降低急性高原病的发病率。
