Institute of Biomathematics, University of Urbino, 61029 Urbino, Italy.
Compr Psychiatry. 2012 Oct;53(7):1039-43. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2012.02.005. Epub 2012 Mar 22.
A large number of subjective experiences and beliefs with some degree of affinity with psychotic symptoms can be found in the general population. However, the appraisal of these psychotic-like experiences in terms of associated distress, raised preoccupation, and the conviction with which the experience is held can be more discriminative in distinguishing people in need for care from those who simply hold unusual or uncommon beliefs because of cultural reasons.
In this study, 81 patients with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, diagnosis of schizophrenia or an affective disorder with psychotic features were compared on the Peters et al Delusions Inventory (PDI) to 210 people from the same local area, who had never received a formal diagnosis of a mental disorder.
Patients scored higher than controls on the PDI total score and on its distress, preoccupation, and conviction subscales. A stepwise logistic regression model showed PDI-preoccupation (odds ratio, 2.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.52-3.98) and, marginally, PDI-distress (odds ratio = 1.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.93-2.58) adding discriminative power to PDI total score in distinguishing patients from controls.
The evaluation of the severity of delusion-like experiences and beliefs is important in discriminating patients diagnosed with psychosis from people who are not in need of care.
大量的主观体验和信念与一定程度的精神病症状有关，可以在普通人群中找到。然而，这些类精神病体验的评估，包括相关的痛苦、关注程度以及对体验的坚信程度，可以更具辨别力，区分需要护理的人和仅仅因为文化原因而持有不同寻常或不常见信念的人。
在这项研究中，81 名被诊断为精神分裂症或伴有精神病特征的情感障碍的患者根据彼得斯等人的妄想清单（PDI）与来自同一地区的 210 名从未接受过精神障碍正式诊断的人进行了比较。
患者在 PDI 总分及其痛苦、关注和坚信分量表上的得分高于对照组。逐步逻辑回归模型显示，PDI 关注（优势比，2.46；95%置信区间，1.52-3.98）和 PDI 痛苦（优势比=1.58；95%置信区间，0.93-2.58）在区分患者和对照组方面增加了 PDI 总分的辨别力。
评估类妄想体验和信念的严重程度对于区分被诊断为精神病的患者和不需要护理的人非常重要。
