Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2012 Sep;43(3):897-900. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2012.01.003. Epub 2012 Jan 31.
Paranormal beliefs and Psychotic-like Experiences (PLE) are phenotypically similar and can occur in individuals with psychosis but also in the general population; however the relationship of these experiences for psychosis risk is largely unclear. This study investigates the association of PLE and paranormal beliefs with psychological distress.
Five hundred and three young adults completed measures of paranormal beliefs (Beliefs in the Paranormal Scale), psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire), delusion (Peters et al. Delusions Inventory), and hallucination (Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale) proneness.
The frequency and intensity of PLE was higher in believers in the paranormal compared to non-believers, however psychological distress levels were comparable. Regression findings confirmed that paranormal beliefs were predicted by delusion and hallucination-proneness but not psychological distress.
The use of a cross-sectional design in a specific young adult population makes the findings exploratory and in need of replication with longitudinal studies.
The predictive value of paranormal beliefs and experiences for psychosis may be limited; appraisal or the belief emotional salience rather than the belief per se may be more relevant risk factors to predict psychotic risk.
超自然信仰和类精神病体验（PLE）在表型上相似，既可能发生在精神病患者中，也可能发生在一般人群中；然而，这些体验与精神病风险的关系在很大程度上尚不清楚。本研究旨在调查 PLE 和超自然信仰与心理困扰之间的关系。
503 名年轻成年人完成了超自然信仰（超自然信仰量表）、心理困扰（一般健康问卷）、妄想（彼得斯等人的妄想量表）和幻觉（拉努伊-斯莱德幻觉量表）易感性的测量。
与非信仰者相比，信仰超自然的人更容易出现 PLE 的频率和强度，但心理困扰水平相当。回归结果证实，超自然信仰可以通过妄想和幻觉易感性来预测，而不是通过心理困扰来预测。
在特定的年轻成年人群体中使用横断面设计使得研究结果具有探索性，需要通过纵向研究进行复制。
超自然信仰和体验对精神病的预测价值可能有限；评估或信念的情感显著性，而不是信念本身，可能是预测精神病风险的更相关风险因素。
