Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA 98115-0070, USA.
J Invertebr Pathol. 2012 Jun;110(2):201-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2012.03.008. Epub 2012 Mar 14.
From a historical perspective, several protistan taxa, including the recently re-aligned Microsporidia, have been associated with or identified as causes of mortalities in crustacean populations. Depending upon the host species, associated protistan prevalences could be as low as 5% or approach 100%. It has generally been assumed that reported prevalences translated directly into significant mortalities that could impact the distribution and abundance of affected populations. However, this assumption may be incorrect especially when the dynamics of host-pathogen-environment interactions are not entirely understood. We will discuss the presumed impact of several protistan pathogens on temperate and cold water commercial crab species. By using selected examples such as a ciliate in the Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) and Hematodinium sp. infections in North Pacific crabs, we will attempt to contrast differences between prevalence and mortality, acute and chronic infections/mortalities, age or size selectivity of affected population, and geographically restricted and widespread epizootics. We will also briefly discuss the potential impact of environmental changes such as climate change and ocean acidification on both host and protistan pathogen.
从历史上看，包括最近重新归类的微孢子虫在内的几个原生动物分类群与甲壳类种群的死亡率有关或被确定为其病因。根据宿主物种的不同，相关原生动物的流行率可能低至 5%或接近 100%。通常认为，报告的流行率直接转化为可能影响受影响种群分布和丰度的重大死亡率。然而，当宿主-病原体-环境相互作用的动态尚未完全理解时，这种假设可能是不正确的。我们将讨论几种原生动物病原体对温带和冷水商业蟹种的假定影响。通过使用诸如在珍宝蟹（Cancer magister）中的纤毛虫和北太平洋蟹中的 Hematodinium sp.感染等选定示例，我们将尝试对比流行率和死亡率、急性和慢性感染/死亡率、受影响种群的年龄或大小选择性以及地理上局限和广泛的流行病之间的差异。我们还将简要讨论气候变化和海洋酸化等环境变化对宿主和原生动物病原体的潜在影响。
