Christiansen K, Winkler E M
Institut für Humanbiologie der Universität Hamburg.
Anthropol Anz. 1990 Sep;48(3):267-77.
In order to test the hypothesis that oestrogens as well as androgens modify the body shape resp. the paedomorphous habitus of !Kung San circulating levels of sex hormones (testosterone, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, and oestradiol in the serum as well as free testosterone in the saliva) of 114 healthy !Kung San men from the Northern Kalahari of Namibia were quantitatively determined by means of the radioimmunoassay method. The probands were described by 50 body measurements and morphological characters like gynaecomastia. The results show that sex hormone concentrations and body shape are significantly correlated in !Kung San men as it has been previously demonstrated for non-African samples. This does not only refer to the expression of sexual dimorphism but also to the special aspect of paedomorphism. The hypothesis of Marrett, Davies and Tobias, however, that the paedomorphous type of the San is due to "over-oestrogenization" could not be confirmed. Rather, the comparatively low testosterone level of the !Kung San men seems to be of significance.
为了验证雌激素和雄激素会改变体型这一假说，具体而言，即改变纳米比亚北卡拉哈里地区114名健康的!Kung San男性的幼态体型，采用放射免疫分析法对他们血清中的性激素（睾酮、5α - 双氢睾酮和雌二醇）以及唾液中的游离睾酮的循环水平进行了定量测定。通过50项身体测量指标和诸如男子乳腺增生等形态特征对这些受试者进行了描述。结果表明，!Kung San男性的性激素浓度与体型显著相关，正如之前在非非洲样本中所证实的那样。这不仅涉及到性二态性的表达，还涉及到幼态持续的特殊方面。然而，马雷特、戴维斯和托拜厄斯提出的关于桑人幼态类型是由于“雌激素化过度”的假说未能得到证实。相反，!Kung San男性相对较低的睾酮水平似乎具有重要意义。
