Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University Veterinary Diagnostic Lab, 200 West Lake St, 1644 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA.
Vet Pathol. 2013 May;50(3):412-7. doi: 10.1177/0300985812441033. Epub 2012 Mar 27.
Juvenile salmon sharks beach yearly along the California coast, primarily during late summer and early fall. Fresh, frozen, and formalin-fixed tissues from 19 stranded salmon sharks were collected for examination. Histopathology revealed meningitis or meningoencephalitis in 18 of 19 shark brains with intralesional bacteria observed in 6 of the affected brains. Bacterial culture of fresh or frozen brain, liver, and/or heart blood from 13 sharks yielded pure cultures characterized molecularly and/or biochemically as belonging to the genus Carnobacterium. The 16s ribosomal DNA sequence of 7 tissue isolates from 7 separate sharks was 99% homologous to C. maltaromaticum (GenBank FJ656722.1). Sequence of the large ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer region (ISR) was 97% homologous to C. maltaromaticum (AF374295.1). This is the first report of Carnobacterium infection in any shark species, and the authors posit that brain infection caused by Carnobacterium is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in juvenile salmon sharks found stranded along the Pacific coast of California.
每年都会有幼年条纹斑竹鲨在加利福尼亚海岸搁浅，主要集中在夏末和初秋。19 头搁浅的条纹斑竹鲨的新鲜、冷冻和福尔马林固定组织被收集用于检查。组织病理学检查显示，19 头鲨鱼中有 18 头患有脑膜炎或脑膜脑炎，其中 6 头受影响的鲨鱼的病灶内观察到细菌。对 13 头鲨鱼的新鲜或冷冻脑、肝和/或心脏血液进行细菌培养，从分子和/或生化上鉴定为属于乳球菌属的纯培养物。来自 7 头不同鲨鱼的 7 个组织分离物的 16S 核糖体 DNA 序列与 C. maltaromaticum（GenBank FJ656722.1）同源性为 99%。核糖体 DNA 基因间隔区（ISR）的大序列与 C. maltaromaticum（AF374295.1）同源性为 97%。这是首次在任何鲨鱼物种中报告乳球菌感染，作者推测，由乳球菌引起的大脑感染是导致在加利福尼亚太平洋沿岸搁浅的幼年条纹斑竹鲨发病率和死亡率高的一个重要原因。
