Department of Molecular Genetics, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Gene. 2012 May 25;500(1):10-21. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.03.021. Epub 2012 Mar 16.
Messenger RNA decay is an essential step in gene expression to set mRNA abundance in the cytoplasm. The binding of proteins and/or noncoding RNAs to specific recognition sequences or secondary structures within mRNAs dictates mRNA decay rates by recruiting specific enzyme complexes that perform the destruction processes. Often, the cell coordinates the degradation or stabilization of functional subsets of mRNAs encoding proteins collectively required for a biological process. As well, extrinsic or intrinsic stimuli activate signal transduction pathways that modify the mRNA decay machinery with consequent effects on decay rates and mRNA abundance. This review is an update to our 2001 Gene review on mRNA stability in mammalian cells, and we survey the enormous progress made over the past decade.
信使 RNA 衰变是基因表达过程中的一个重要步骤，它决定了细胞质中 mRNA 的丰度。蛋白质和/或非编码 RNA 与 mRNA 内特定的识别序列或二级结构结合，通过招募特定的酶复合物来决定 mRNA 的衰变速率，这些酶复合物执行破坏过程。通常，细胞协调功能亚群 mRNA 的降解或稳定，这些 mRNA 编码的蛋白质共同需要完成一个生物过程。同样，外在或内在的刺激激活信号转导途径，修饰 mRNA 衰变机制，从而对衰变速率和 mRNA 丰度产生影响。这篇综述是对我们 2001 年关于哺乳动物细胞中 mRNA 稳定性的基因综述的更新，我们调查了过去十年取得的巨大进展。
