Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and the Center for RNA Biology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 712, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2011 Aug;21(4):422-30. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2011.03.008.
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a well-studied cellular quality-control pathway. It decreases the half-lives of eukaryotic mRNAs that aberrantly contain premature termination codons and additionally regulates an estimated 10-20% of normal transcripts. NMD factors play crucial roles during embryogenesis in many animals. Here, we review data indicating that NMD factors are required for proper embryogenesis by discussing the abnormal developmental phenotypes that result when the abundance of individual NMD factors is either downregulated or completely eliminated. We conclude that while NMD per se affects the embryogenesis of all animals, it is required to avoid embryonic lethality in only some animals. The critical roles of many NMD factors in other metabolic pathways undoubtedly also contribute to embryonic development if not viability.
无意义介导的 mRNA 降解（NMD）是一种研究得很好的细胞质量控制途径。它降低了含有过早终止密码子的真核 mRNA 的半衰期，并且还调节了大约 10-20%的正常转录本。NMD 因子在许多动物的胚胎发生中起着至关重要的作用。在这里，我们通过讨论当单个 NMD 因子的丰度下调或完全消除时导致的异常发育表型，回顾表明 NMD 因子是胚胎发生所必需的的数据。我们的结论是，虽然 NMD 本身会影响所有动物的胚胎发生，但它只在某些动物中是避免胚胎致死所必需的。如果不是胚胎存活，许多 NMD 因子在其他代谢途径中的关键作用无疑也会促进胚胎发育。
