School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Salford, Manchester, UK.
Chron Respir Dis. 2012 May;9(2):117-29. doi: 10.1177/1479972312441632. Epub 2012 Mar 27.
Patients with lung cancer experience significant symptom burden, particularly symptoms of a respiratory nature. Such symptom burden can be distressing for patients and negatively impact their functional status and quality of life. The aim of this review is to evaluate studies of nonpharmacological and noninvasive interventions for the management of respiratory symptoms experienced by patients with lung cancer. In total, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review and included 1383 participants of which 1296 were lung cancer patients. The most frequently assessed and reported symptom was breathlessness (n = 9 studies). Cough and haemoptysis were reported in one study. A variety of outcome measurement tools were used and a broad range of intervention strategies evaluated. Lack of consistency between studies impinged on the ability to combine studies. It is not possible to draw any firm conclusion as to the effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions for the management of respiratory symptoms in lung cancer. Nonpharmacological interventions may well have an important role to play in the management of some of the respiratory symptoms (or combinations of respiratory symptoms), but more work of higher quality is necessary in the future.
肺癌患者会经历严重的症状负担，特别是呼吸相关的症状。这些症状负担会让患者感到痛苦，并对他们的功能状态和生活质量产生负面影响。本综述的目的是评估非药物和非侵入性干预措施在管理肺癌患者呼吸症状方面的研究。共有 13 项研究符合本综述的纳入标准，包括 1383 名参与者，其中 1296 名为肺癌患者。评估和报告最多的症状是呼吸困难（9 项研究）。咳嗽和咯血各在一项研究中报告。使用了各种结果测量工具，并评估了广泛的干预策略。研究之间缺乏一致性，限制了对研究进行合并的能力。目前尚无法确定非药物干预措施在肺癌呼吸症状管理方面的有效性。非药物干预措施可能在管理某些呼吸症状（或呼吸症状组合）方面发挥重要作用，但未来需要开展更多高质量的工作。
