Early aortic endograft failure in the presence of periaortic lymphadenopathy with neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease).

A 78-year-old man with a history of neurofibromatosis was transferred to our hospital for treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. T The patient was treated by stent graft implantation and was discharged from the hospital without complications. After discharge, the patient reported repeated episodes of abdominal pain. Computed tomography performed 3 months postoperatively showed localized lymphadenopathy along the graft with extravasation of contrast, suggesting the diagnosis of rupture of the aortic aneurysm. Emergent laparotomy was performed, which showed penetration of the graft through the aortic wall due to deformation of the aorta caused by lymphadenopathy. The lymphadenopathy resolved after removal of the graft. This is the first reported case of stent graft failure due to aortic deformation associated with neurofibromatosis.