Munch-Andersen Thor, Olsen David B, Søndergaard Hans, Daugaard Jens R, Bysted Anette, Christensen Dirk L, Saltin Bengt, Helge Jørn W
Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, Rigshospitalet (National University Hospital), DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Int J Circumpolar Health. 2012 Mar 19;71:17342. doi: 10.3402/ijch.v71i0.17342.
To evaluate the effect of regular physical activity on metabolic risk factors and blood pressure in Inuit with high BMI consuming a western diet (high amount of saturated fatty acids and carbohydrates with a high glycemic index).
Cross sectional study, comparing Inuit eating a western diet with Inuit eating a traditional diet.
Two physically active Greenland Inuit groups consuming different diet, 20 eating a traditional diet (Qaanaaq) and 15 eating a western diet (TAB), age (mean (range)); 38, (22-58) yrs, BMI; 28 (20-40) were subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), blood sampling, maximal oxygen uptake test, food interview/collection and monitoring of physical activity.
All Inuit had a normal OGTT. Fasting glucose (mmol/l), HbA1c (%), total cholesterol (mmol/l) and HDL-C (mmol/l) were for Qaanaaq women: 4.8±0.2, 5.3±0.1, 4.96±0.42, 1.34±0.06, for Qaanaaq men: 4.9±0.1, 5.7±0.1, 5.08±0.31, 1.28±0.09, for TAB women: 5.1±0.2, 5.3±0.1, 6.22±0.39, 1.86±0.13, for TAB men: 5.1±0.2, 5.3±0.1, 6.23±0.15, 1.60±0.10. No differences were found in systolic or diastolic blood pressure between the groups. There was a more adverse distribution of small dense LDL-C particles and higher total cholesterol and HDL-C concentration in the western diet group.
Diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance was not found in the Inuit consuming either the western or the traditional diet, and this could, at least partly, be due to the high amount of regular daily physical activity. However, when considering the total cardio vascular risk profile the Inuit consuming a western diet had a less healthy profile than the Inuit consuming a traditional diet.
评估规律体育活动对食用西方饮食（富含大量饱和脂肪酸和高血糖指数碳水化合物）且体重指数较高的因纽特人代谢危险因素和血压的影响。
横断面研究，比较食用西方饮食的因纽特人和食用传统饮食的因纽特人。
两组身体活跃的格陵兰因纽特人食用不同饮食，20人食用传统饮食（卡纳克），15人食用西方饮食（塔布），年龄（均值（范围））；38岁，（22 - 58）岁，体重指数；28（20 - 40），接受口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）、血液采样、最大摄氧量测试、饮食访谈/收集以及体育活动监测。
所有因纽特人的OGTT均正常。卡纳克族女性的空腹血糖（mmol/L）、糖化血红蛋白（%）、总胆固醇（mmol/L）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（mmol/L）分别为：4.8±0.2、5.3±0.1、4.96±0.42、1.34±0.06，卡纳克族男性分别为：4.9±0.1、5.7±0.1、5.08±0.31、1.28±0.09，塔布族女性分别为：5.1±0.2、5.3±0.1、6.22±0.39、1.86±0.13，塔布族男性分别为：5.1±0.2、5.3±0.1、6.23±0.15、1.60±0.10。两组之间收缩压或舒张压未发现差异。西方饮食组小而密低密度脂蛋白胆固醇颗粒的分布更不利，总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度更高。
食用西方饮食或传统饮食的因纽特人未发现糖尿病或糖耐量受损，这至少部分可能归因于日常大量规律的体育活动。然而，考虑到总的心血管风险状况，食用西方饮食的因纽特人比食用传统饮食的因纽特人健康状况更差。
