Donovan W L, Leavitt L A, Walsh R O
Waisman Center on Mental Retardation and Human Development, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53705.
Child Dev. 1990 Oct;61(5):1638-47.
66 mothers of 5-month-old infants participated in 2 simulated child-care tasks to examine differences in response to the performance demands of child care. Mothers first participated in a task in which they estimated their perception of control over stopping an audiotaped infant cry (illusion of control). 1 week later, they participated in another task to assess their ability to learn effective responses in stopping the cry (susceptibility to learned helplessness). Mothers with a high illusion of control differed from mothers with low or moderate illusory control by showing increased susceptibility to helplessness. Physiologically, mothers with low and moderate illusory control showed attenuated and "attentive" heart-rate responses to the impending cry, respectively. Mothers with high illusory control were "inattentive", with mothers of difficult infants in that group responding "defensively". Our data suggest that high illusion of control may be a maladaptive response to the performance demands of child care.
66名5个月大婴儿的母亲参与了两项模拟育儿任务，以检验她们对育儿表现要求的反应差异。母亲们首先参与一项任务，在该任务中，她们估计自己对停止婴儿录音哭声的控制感（控制错觉）。1周后，她们参与另一项任务，以评估她们学习有效停止哭声反应的能力（习得性无助易感性）。控制错觉高的母亲与控制错觉低或中等的母亲不同，前者表现出更高的无助易感性。生理上，控制错觉低和中等的母亲对即将到来的哭声分别表现出减弱的和“专注的”心率反应。控制错觉高的母亲“不专注”，该组中难养型婴儿的母亲表现出“防御性”反应。我们的数据表明，高控制错觉可能是对育儿表现要求的一种适应不良反应。
