Zeng Zhen, Liu Zhi-Zhi, Pan Lian-De, Tang Wen-Qiao, Wang Qian, Geng Yun-Hao
Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
Dongwuxue Yanjiu. 2012 Apr;33(2):203-10. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1141.2012.02203.
Firstly, RAPD was conducted to analyze genetic diversity of Trachidermus fasciatus in the Fuchun River population (FR), Yellow River population (YR), Luan River population (LR), and Yalu River population (YL), with 32 polymorphic 10-bp random primers selected from 294 ones. Thirty wild individuals were detected in each population. The results indicated that the genetic diversity of T . fasciatus was relatively rich. The major results were as the following: 1) Altogether, 591 bands were detected and 515 of them were polymorphic, accounted for 87.14%. The range of proportion of polymorphic loci (P) was: FR(89.17%)>YR(87.99%)>YL(86.63%)>LR(83.25%). 2) The Shannon's information index(I(T)) and Nei's genetic diversity(H(T)) among populations were 0.3393-0.3566 and 0.2157-0.2279, respectively. Compare to other three populations, LR population had relative lower values. If took the populations as a whole, the total Nei's genetic diversity(H(T)) and Shannon's information index(I(T)) was 0.2336±0.1643 and 0.3710±0.2153, respectively. 3) The value of gene flow (N(m) ) (5.76103-19.84497) were high, indicating certain gene exchange existed among the four populations. But the AMOVA results exhibited significantly differentiation (P<0.05 or P<0.01) among the populations. 4) In the UPGMA tree constructed according to genetic distance, YL and YR populations clustered firstly, then with FR population, and finally they joined to LR population. Obviously, the YL, YR and FR populations had relatively close relationship according to their geographic distance, whereas LR population showed clear divergence to the other three populations. Secondly, out of the five special RAPD bands (S(1225)(525 bp), S(1225)(605 bp), S(1225)(841 bp), S(1345)(695 bp) and S(1345)(825 bp)), SCAR maker SCAR01(560 bp) and SCAR02(443 bp) were successfully transformed from S(1255)(605 bp) and S(1255)(841 bp), respectively. After large samples examination of the two markers, we found the highest frequency (96.67% and 93.33%) in the YL population, higher frequency (83.33% and 90%) in the FR population, high frequency (56.67% and 66.67%) in the YR population, and the lowest frequency (13.33% and 20 %) in the LR population. Therefore, SCAR01(560 bp) and SCAR02(443 bp) can be used as special molecular markers for the population identification between LR and other three populations.
首先，利用随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）技术对富春江群体（FR）、黄河群体（YR）、滦河群体（LR）和鸭绿江群体（YL）的松江鲈遗传多样性进行分析，从294条10碱基随机引物中筛选出32条多态性引物。每个群体检测30尾野生个体。结果表明，松江鲈的遗传多样性较为丰富。主要结果如下：1）共检测到591条带，其中多态性带515条，多态位点比例为87.14%。多态位点比例（P）范围为：FR（89.17%）>YR（87.99%）>YL（86.63%）>LR（83.25%）。2）群体间的香农信息指数（I(T)）和奈氏遗传多样性（H(T)）分别为0.3393 - 0.3566和0.2157 - 0.2279。与其他三个群体相比，LR群体的值相对较低。以所有群体作为整体，总的奈氏遗传多样性（H(T)）和香农信息指数（I(T)）分别为0.2336±0.1643和0.3710±0.2153。3）基因流（N(m)）值（5.76103 - 19.84497）较高，表明四个群体间存在一定的基因交流。但分子方差分析（AMOVA）结果显示群体间存在显著分化（P<0.05或P<0.01）。4）在根据遗传距离构建的UPGMA树中，YL和YR群体首先聚类，然后与FR群体聚类，最后与LR群体聚合。显然，根据地理距离，YL、YR和FR群体关系相对较近，而LR群体与其他三个群体表现出明显分化。其次，从5条特异RAPD带（S(1225)(525 bp)、S(1225)(605 bp)、S(1225)(841 bp)、S(1345)(695 bp)和S(1345)(825 bp)）中，分别成功将S(1255)(605 bp)和S(1255)(841 bp)转化为序列特异性扩增区域（SCAR）标记SCAR01(560 bp)和SCAR02(443 bp)。对这两个标记进行大样本检测后发现，其在YL群体中频率最高（96.67%和93.33%），在FR群体中频率较高（83.33%和90%），在YR群体中频率较高（56.67%和66.67%），在LR群体中频率最低（13.33%和20%）。因此，SCAR01(560 bp)和SCAR02(443 bp)可作为LR群体与其他三个群体间群体鉴别的特异分子标记。
