D'Lima Darryl D, Fregly Benjamin J, Patil Shantanu, Steklov Nikolai, Colwell Clifford W
Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, Scripps Health, 11025 North Torrey Pines Road, Suite 200, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2012 Feb;226(2):95-102. doi: 10.1177/0954411911433372.
Knee forces are highly significant in osteoarthritis and in the survival and function of knee arthroplasty. A large number of studies have attempted to estimate forces around the knee during various activities. Several approaches have been used to relate knee kinematics and external forces to internal joint contact forces, the most popular being inverse dynamics, forward dynamics, and static body analyses. Knee forces have also been measured in vivo after knee arthroplasty, which serves as valuable validation of computational predictions. This review summarizes the results of published studies that measured knee forces for various activities. The efficacy of various methods to alter knee force distribution, such as gait modification, orthotics, walking aids, and custom treadmills are analyzed. Current gaps in our knowledge are identified and directions for future research in this area are outlined.
膝关节受力在骨关节炎以及膝关节置换术的存活和功能方面具有高度重要性。大量研究试图估算各种活动期间膝关节周围的受力情况。已采用多种方法将膝关节运动学和外力与关节内部接触力联系起来，其中最常用的是逆动力学、正向动力学和静态身体分析。膝关节置换术后也已在体内测量了膝关节受力情况，这对计算预测起到了宝贵的验证作用。本综述总结了已发表的针对各种活动测量膝关节受力情况的研究结果。分析了各种改变膝关节力分布方法的有效性，如步态改变、矫形器、助行器和定制跑步机。确定了当前我们知识方面的空白，并概述了该领域未来研究的方向。
