Western Cape Forum for Intellectual Disability, Alexandra Hospital, Maitland, South Africa.
J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2012 Jan;25(1):11-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3148.2011.00644.x. Epub 2011 Aug 25.
One trade-off for increased independence of adults with intellectual disabilities in developing countries is that they may find themselves more exposed to the negative perceptions held by the general population regarding the mentally ill and disabled. The aim of this study was to adapt and translate a tool to measure felt stigma in people with intellectual disabilities designed in the United Kingdom (U.K.) to make it culturally viable, and to determine its reliability and validity in the multi-ethnic and multilingual context of South Africa (S.A.) and to compare the item responses and factor structures of the tool between the U.K. and S.A.
We translated the tool into local languages and refined it by conducting focus groups and pilot studies with professionals and adults with intellectual disabilities, after which test-retest reliability, factor analysis and internal consistency were calculated.
Participants were from three different population groups: Afrikaans (n = 71; 37%), English (n = 67; 35%) and Xhosa (n = 53; 28%), who had mild (n = 106; 56%) or moderate intellectual disabilities (n = 85; 44%). 98 (51%) were re-interviewed. The resulting international version of the perceived stigma measure consisted of 10 questions with good test-retest reliability (κ ranging from 0.41 to 0.59) and a similar factor structure to the UK version, despite including a different set of questions.
There is evidence for the validity of felt stigma ratings reported by adults with intellectual disabilities, despite different cultural and health service contexts.
发展中国家的成年人在获得独立性的同时，也可能会面临一种权衡取舍，即他们可能会更加容易受到公众对精神病患者和残疾人的负面看法的影响。本研究旨在改编并翻译一种在英国设计的、用于衡量智力障碍者的感知污名的工具，使其在南非的多元文化和多语言环境中具有文化可行性，并确定其在南非的可靠性和有效性，并比较该工具在英国和南非的项目反应和因素结构。
我们将工具翻译成当地语言，并通过与专业人士和智力障碍成年人进行焦点小组和试点研究来对其进行改进，然后计算重测信度、因子分析和内部一致性。
参与者来自三个不同的人群群体：南非荷兰语（n=71；37%）、英语（n=67；35%）和科萨语（n=53；28%），他们患有轻度（n=106；56%）或中度智力障碍（n=85；44%）。98 人接受了重新访谈。经过改进的国际感知污名量表由 10 个问题组成，具有良好的重测信度（κ 值范围为 0.41 至 0.59），并且与英国版本具有相似的因素结构，尽管包含了一组不同的问题。
尽管文化和卫生服务背景不同，但智力障碍成年人报告的感知污名评分具有有效性的证据。
