Sauer-Zavala Shannon, Burris Jessica L, Carlson Charles R
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA,
J Relig Health. 2014 Feb;53(1):68-78. doi: 10.1007/s10943-012-9598-5.
Research has consistently found that religiousness and spirituality are negatively associated with underage drinking. However, there is a paucity of research exploring the mechanisms by which these variables influence this important outcome. With 344 underage young adults (ages 18-20; 61 % women), we investigated positive alcohol expectancies as a mediator between religiousness and spirituality (measured separately) and underage alcohol use. Participants completed the Religious Commitment Inventory-10, Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale, Alcohol Expectancies Questionnaire, and Drinking Styles Questionnaire. Results indicate less positive alcohol expectancies partially mediate the relationship between both religiousness and spirituality and underage alcohol use. This suggests religiousness and spirituality's protective influence on underage drinking is partly due to their influence on expectations about alcohol's positive effects. Since underage drinking predicts problem drinking later in life and places one at risk for serious physical and mental health problems, it is important to identify specific points of intervention, including expectations about alcohol that rise from religious and spiritual factors.
研究一直发现，宗教信仰和精神性与未成年人饮酒呈负相关。然而，探索这些变量影响这一重要结果的机制的研究却很匮乏。我们以344名未成年青年（年龄在18 - 20岁之间；61%为女性）为样本，调查了积极的饮酒期望作为宗教信仰和精神性（分别测量）与未成年饮酒行为之间的中介变量。参与者完成了《宗教承诺量表 - 10》《日常精神体验量表》《饮酒期望问卷》和《饮酒方式问卷》。结果表明，较低的积极饮酒期望部分中介了宗教信仰和精神性与未成年饮酒行为之间的关系。这表明宗教信仰和精神性对未成年人饮酒的保护作用部分归因于它们对酒精积极影响期望的作用。由于未成年人饮酒预示着日后出现饮酒问题，并使人面临严重身心健康问题的风险，因此确定具体的干预点很重要，包括由宗教和精神因素产生的对酒精的期望。
