Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Rehabil Psychol. 2011 May;56(2):107-16. doi: 10.1037/a0023552.
The long-term consequences of traumatic brain injury affect millions of Americans, many of whom report using religion and spirituality to cope. Little research, however, has investigated how various elements of the religious and spiritual belief systems affect rehabilitation outcomes. The present study sought to assess the use of specifically defined elements of religion and spirituality as psychosocial resources in a sample of traumatically brain injured adults.
The sample included 88 adults with brain injury from 1 to 20 years post injury and their knowledgeable significant others (SOs). The majority of the participants with brain injury were male (76%), African American (75%) and Christian (76%).
Participants subjectively reported on their religious/spiritual beliefs and psychosocial resources as well as their current physical and psychological status. Significant others reported objective rehabilitation outcomes.
Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to determine the proportion of variance in outcomes accounted for by demographic, injury related, psychosocial and religious/spiritual variables.
The results indicate that religious well-being (a sense of connection to a higher power) was a unique predictor for life satisfaction, distress and functional ability whereas public religious practice and existential well-being were not.
The findings of this project indicate that specific facets of religious and spiritual belief systems do play direct and unique roles in predicting rehabilitation outcomes whereas religious activity does not. Notably, a self-reported individual connection to a higher power was an extremely robust predictor of both subjective and objective outcome.
创伤性脑损伤的长期后果影响着数以百万计的美国人，其中许多人报告说使用宗教和精神信仰来应对。然而，很少有研究调查宗教和精神信仰系统的各种元素如何影响康复结果。本研究旨在评估在创伤性脑损伤成年人样本中，特定定义的宗教和精神信仰元素作为心理社会资源的使用情况。
该样本包括 88 名脑损伤后 1 至 20 年的成年人及其知情的重要他人（SO）。大多数脑损伤参与者为男性（76%）、非裔美国人（75%）和基督教徒（76%）。
参与者主观报告他们的宗教/精神信仰和心理社会资源以及他们目前的身体和心理状况。重要他人报告客观的康复结果。
使用分层多元回归分析来确定人口统计学、损伤相关、心理社会和宗教/精神变量对结果的方差比例。
结果表明，宗教幸福感（与更高权力的联系感）是生活满意度、困扰和功能能力的独特预测因素，而公共宗教实践和存在主义幸福感则不是。
该项目的结果表明，宗教和精神信仰系统的特定方面确实在预测康复结果方面发挥着直接和独特的作用，而宗教活动则没有。值得注意的是，个体自我报告与更高权力的联系是主观和客观结果的极其强大的预测因素。
