Ericson Justin M, Christensen James C
Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, 2255 H Street B248, Dayton, OH 45433, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2012 Jul;74(5):831-40. doi: 10.3758/s13414-012-0294-z.
Wolfe, Place, and Horowitz (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 14:344-349, 2007) found that participants were relatively unaffected by selecting and deselecting targets while performing a multiple object tracking task, such that maintaining tracking was possible for longer durations than the few seconds typically studied. Though this result was generally consistent with other findings on tracking duration (Franconeri, Jonathon, & Scimeca Psychological Science 21:920-925, 2010), it was inconsistent with research involving cuing paradigms, specifically precues (Pylyshyn & Annan Spatial Vision 19:485-504, 2006). In the present research, we broke down the addition and removal of targets into separate conditions and incorporated a simple performance model to evaluate the costs associated with the selection and deselection of moving targets. Across three experiments, we demonstrated evidence against a cost being associated with any shift in attention, but rather that varying the type of cue used for target deselection produces no additional cost to performance and that hysteresis effects are not induced by a reduction in tracking load.
沃尔夫、普莱斯和霍洛维茨（《心理onomic通报与评论》14:344 - 349，2007年）发现，在执行多目标跟踪任务时，参与者选择和取消选择目标对其影响相对较小，以至于能够比通常研究的短短几秒更长时间地维持跟踪。尽管这一结果总体上与其他关于跟踪持续时间的研究结果一致（弗兰科内里、乔纳森和西梅卡，《心理科学》21:920 - 925，2010年），但与涉及提示范式的研究，特别是预提示研究不一致（皮利欣和安南，《空间视觉》19:485 - 504，2006年）。在本研究中，我们将目标的添加和移除分解为不同条件，并纳入一个简单的表现模型来评估与移动目标的选择和取消选择相关的成本。在三个实验中，我们证明没有证据表明注意力的任何转移会带来成本，而是目标取消选择所使用的提示类型的变化不会给表现带来额外成本，并且跟踪负荷的降低不会引发滞后效应。
