Anderson Brian A, Folk Charles L
Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2010 Feb;72(2):342-52. doi: 10.3758/APP.72.2.342.
Although large variations in the magnitude of attentional capture have been evidenced across a wide range of studies and paradigms (see Burnham, 2007, for a review), the nature of these variations is unclear. In the present study, we used a modified spatial cuing task to address two related issues. In the first experiment, we explored the hypothesis that the magnitude of attentional capture varies systematically as a function of cue-target similarity. Targets of a particular color were preceded by uninformative peripheral cues carrying varying percentages of the target color. As was predicted, the magnitude of attentional capture varied directly with the similarity between cue and target. In the second experiment, we explored whether these similarity effects reflect a mixture of trials on which attention is fully captured and trials on which attention is not captured at all (i.e., a two-process model). A mixture analysis conducted on obtained reaction time distributions proved inconsistent with a two-process model.
尽管在广泛的研究和范式中已经证明了注意捕获程度存在很大差异（见Burnham，2007年的综述），但这些差异的本质尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们使用了一种改良的空间线索任务来解决两个相关问题。在第一个实验中，我们探讨了这样一种假设，即注意捕获的程度会随着线索-目标相似性的变化而系统地变化。特定颜色的目标之前会出现携带不同比例目标颜色的非信息性外周线索。正如预测的那样，注意捕获的程度与线索和目标之间的相似性直接相关。在第二个实验中，我们探讨了这些相似性效应是否反映了注意被完全捕获的试验和注意根本未被捕获的试验的混合（即双过程模型）。对获得的反应时间分布进行的混合分析证明与双过程模型不一致。
