Moxley R A
Behav Anal. 1998 Spring;21(1):73-91. doi: 10.1007/BF03392781.
Skinner's views are commonly misrepresented. One reason for this difficulty is that changes in the way that Skinner formulated his views occurred in a gradual evolution over time throughout Skinner's career, and the changes and their significance were not as conspicuously marked as they might have been. Among these changes were a movement from a two-term necessity to a three-term contingency; a movement from discriminative stimulus to setting as the first term in his three-term contingency; and a movement from determinism to random variation as a foundational principle in his selectionist behaviorism. When not seen in their historical development over time, a sample reading of Skinner's views may readily result in misleading or inaccurate interpretations, particularly in respect to his later work. Seen in historical context, however, the accounts that survived after the changes Skinner made are well integrated in a selectionist theory of behavior.
斯金纳的观点常常被误解。造成这种困难的一个原因是，斯金纳阐述其观点的方式在他整个职业生涯中是随着时间逐渐演变的，而且这些变化及其重要性并没有像可能的那样显著地标明。这些变化包括从双项必然性向三项 contingency 的转变；在他的三项 contingency 中，从辨别性刺激向背景作为第一项的转变；以及从决定论向随机变异作为其选择主义行为主义的一个基本原则的转变。如果不考虑其随时间的历史发展来看，对斯金纳观点的抽样解读很容易导致误导性或不准确的解释，尤其是关于他后期的作品。然而，从历史背景来看，斯金纳做出这些改变后留存下来的论述在一种行为选择主义理论中得到了很好的整合。
