Primary Care Mental Health Service, Leeds Community Healthcare NHS Trust, The Reginald Centre, 263 Chapeltown Road, Leeds LS7 3EX, United Kingdom.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2012 Sep 1;125(1-2):37-42. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.03.011. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health problems and often co-exist with substance use. Little evidence exists to support the use of brief screening tools for anxiety disorders in routine addictions treatment. This is the first study to test the validity and reliability of GAD-7 and GAD-2 in an outpatient drugs treatment population.
A sample of 103 patients completed brief screening questionnaires and took part in structured diagnostic assessments using CIS-R. A subgroup of 60 patients completed retests after 4 weeks. The results of brief questionnaires were compared to those of gold-standard diagnostic interviews using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. Psychometric properties were also calculated to evaluate the validity and reliability of self-completed questionnaires.
A GAD-7 score ≥ 9 had a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 86% for any anxiety disorder, also displaying adequate temporal stability at repeated measurements (intra-class correlation=0.85) and high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.91). A GAD-2 score ≥ 2 had 94% sensitivity and 53% specificity, with adequate internal consistency (0.82).
GAD-7 adequately detected the presence of an anxiety disorder in drug and alcohol users; although this study was limited by sample size to determine its reliability for specific diagnoses. Results in this small sample suggest that GAD-7 may be a useful screening tool in addiction services, although replication in a larger sample is warranted.
焦虑障碍是最常见的心理健康问题，常与物质使用共病。目前几乎没有证据支持在常规成瘾治疗中使用简短的焦虑障碍筛查工具。这是第一项在门诊药物治疗人群中测试 GAD-7 和 GAD-2 的有效性和可靠性的研究。
103 名患者完成了简短的筛查问卷，并使用 CIS-R 进行了结构化的诊断评估。60 名患者的亚组在 4 周后进行了重测。使用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线比较简短问卷的结果和黄金标准诊断访谈的结果。还计算了心理测量特性，以评估自我报告问卷的有效性和可靠性。
GAD-7 得分≥9 分对任何焦虑障碍的敏感性为 80%，特异性为 86%，在重复测量时也具有足够的时间稳定性（组内相关系数=0.85）和较高的内部一致性（Cronbach's alpha=0.91）。GAD-2 得分≥2 分的敏感性为 94%，特异性为 53%，内部一致性良好（0.82）。
GAD-7 能够在药物和酒精使用者中充分检测出焦虑障碍的存在；尽管本研究因样本量有限，无法确定其对特定诊断的可靠性。在这个小样本中，结果表明 GAD-7 可能是成瘾服务中的一种有用的筛查工具，但需要在更大的样本中进行复制。
