Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Genet Mol Biol. 2012 Jan;35(1):67-73. doi: 10.1590/s1415-47572011005000062. Epub 2011 Dec 15.
The Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems worldwide, is also among the most important hotspots as regards biodiversity. Through intensive logging, the initial area has been reduced to around 12% of its original size. In this study we investigated the genetic variability and structure of the mountain lion, Puma concolor. Using 18 microsatellite loci we analyzed evidence of allele dropout, null alleles and stuttering, calculated the number of allele/locus, PIC, observed and expected heterozygosity, linkage disequilibrium, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, F(IS), effective population size and genetic structure (MICROCHECKER, CERVUS, GENEPOP, FSTAT, ARLEQUIN, ONESAMP, LDNe, PCAGEN, GENECLASS software), we also determine whether there was evidence of a bottleneck (HYBRIDLAB, BOTTLENECK software) that might influence the future viability of the population in south Brazil. 106 alleles were identified, with the number of alleles/locus ranging from 2 to 11. Mean observed heterozygosity, mean number of alleles and polymorphism information content were 0.609, 5.89, and 0.6255, respectively. This population presented evidence of a recent bottleneck and loss of genetic variation. Persistent regional poaching constitutes an increasing in the extinction risk.
巴西大西洋雨林是全球最濒危的生态系统之一，也是生物多样性最重要的热点地区之一。经过密集的伐木，原始森林面积已减少到原来的 12%左右。本研究调查了山狮（Puma concolor）的遗传变异和结构。我们使用了 18 个微卫星基因座来分析等位基因缺失、无效等位基因和突变的证据，计算了等位基因/基因座数量、PIC、观察和预期杂合度、连锁不平衡、Hardy-Weinberg 平衡、F(IS)、有效种群大小和遗传结构（MICROCHECKER、CERVUS、GENEPOP、FSTAT、ARLEQUIN、ONESAMP、LDNe、PCAGEN、GENECLASS 软件），还确定了是否存在瓶颈（HYBRIDLAB、BOTTLENECK 软件）的证据，这可能会影响南美的未来生存力。鉴定出 106 个等位基因，基因座的等位基因数量从 2 到 11 不等。观察到的平均杂合度、平均等位基因数和多态信息含量分别为 0.609、5.89 和 0.6255。该种群存在近期瓶颈和遗传变异丧失的证据。持续的区域性偷猎行为增加了灭绝风险。
