Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Department of Immunology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2012 Dec;23(6):900-7. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.03.007. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains among the most deadly health threats to humankind despite availability of several potent antibiotics and a vaccine, bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG). BCG partially protects children but not adults from the disease. Growing knowledge of the molecular basis of infection, immunity, and pathology in TB has driven various approaches, which strive to complement or replace BCG with more effective vaccines. Three recombinant live TB vaccine candidates have entered clinical trials. These candidates have been genetically engineered to be attenuated, to overexpress TB antigens and/or to secrete bacterial perforins, ultimately seeking to trigger a robust immune response thereby providing long-lasting protection against TB.
尽管有几种有效的抗生素和卡介苗（BCG）疫苗可用，但结核病（TB）仍然是对人类最致命的健康威胁之一。BCG 部分保护儿童免受该疾病的侵害，但不能保护成年人。对感染、免疫和结核病病理学的分子基础的深入了解，推动了各种方法的发展，这些方法旨在用更有效的疫苗来补充或替代 BCG。三种重组活结核疫苗候选物已进入临床试验。这些候选物经过基因工程改造，使其减毒，过度表达结核抗原和/或分泌细菌穿孔素，最终旨在引发强大的免疫反应，从而提供针对结核病的持久保护。
