Sholle-Martin S, Alessi N E
Activity Department, Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor.
Am J Occup Ther. 1990 Oct;44(10):871-82. doi: 10.5014/ajot.44.10.871.
Occupational therapy is in need of role clarification within the specialty of child psychiatry. The literature reveals that occupational therapy is often undelineated or unrecognized by child psychiatry, has limited efficacy research, and may be at risk for losing its practice with children hospitalized for psychiatric disturbances. This paper outlines steps for the formulation of a specialized role for occupational therapy within this specialty. The Model of Human Occupation (Kielhofner, 1985) is suggested as a basis for conceptualizing this role. A clinical study focused on the evaluation of adaptive functioning with use of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (Sparrow, Balla, & Cicchetti, 1984, 1985) is presented as an example of a way in which occupational therapy can provide assessment data valuable to the interdisciplinary clinical team. The role of occupational therapy in both short-term and long-term hospitalization of children with psychiatric disturbances is described.
儿童精神病学领域需要明确职业治疗的角色。文献显示，职业治疗在儿童精神病学中常常未被明确界定或认可，疗效研究有限，并且对于因精神障碍住院的儿童，职业治疗可能面临失去其业务的风险。本文概述了在该专业领域中为职业治疗制定专门角色的步骤。建议将人类作业模式（基尔霍夫纳，1985年）作为构想这一角色的基础。一项以使用文兰适应行为量表（斯帕罗、巴拉和西凯蒂，1984年、1985年）评估适应功能为重点的临床研究被作为一个例子呈现，展示了职业治疗可以如何为跨学科临床团队提供有价值的评估数据。描述了职业治疗在患有精神障碍儿童的短期和长期住院治疗中的作用。
