Celik Deniz Gozde, Yuksel Pelin, Aslan Mustafa, Saribas Suat, Baltali Nezihe Dirik, Abdelkareem Ali, Ziver Tevhide, Nazlican Ozcan, Gencer Serap, Celikkol Erdoğan, Bahar Hrisi, Kocazeybek Bekir
The University of Istanbul, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Department, Istanbul, Turkey.
Transfus Apher Sci. 2012 Aug;47(1):3-7. doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2012.03.003. Epub 2012 Apr 6.
It is important to detect recent and new HIV/1 infections and to take preventative measures in order to prevent rapid disease progression in AIDS and to decrease the incidence of infection. We aimed to detect long standing or recent HIV infections by determining transmission times for the cases in which first-time HIV/1 seropositivity were detected. The serum samples of 323 cases which were found to be seropositive by ELISA and Western-blotting were included in this study. The discrimination between long-term and recent HIV/1 infection was made by determining transmission-time with the Aware BED-EIA, HIV-1 incidence test (IgG capture HIV-EIA) tests. Ninety-six healthy blood donors who did not have a positive anti-HIV test and a chronic infectious disease for at least 1 year were included in this study as a negative healthy control group. In the discrimination of long-term and recent HIV/1 infections, only in vitro ODn values were used. The cases with normalized optical density (OD) (OD(specimen)/OD(calibrator))<0.8 by commercial kit were accepted as recent HIV infection (155 days history or seroconversion less than 6 months). The cases with ODn >1.2 were accepted as long-term HIV/1 infections (more than 155 days history or more than 6 months). The cases with ODn between 0.8 and 1.2 were accepted as "additional tests needed" cases. We detected recent HIV/1 infections (<6 months) in 60 (18.5%) out of 323 cases and long-term HIV/1 infections (>6 months) in 263 (81.5%) out of 323 cases. The most frequently encountered transmission route in long-term and recent HIV/1 infections was heterosexual sexual intercourse as 54 (50%) and 257 (97%), respectively. 63.3% of newly infected patients were married females and 65.3% of recently infected patients were males. In conclusion, the detection of the high ratio of long-term HIV/1 infection cases (81.5%) compared to recent infections (18.5%) suggested to us, that the long standing cases may have some activities related with transmission of HIV/1 in the past. The detection of higher HIV/1-infections in individuals which had heterosexual sex and also in married males suggested that this situation poses a very great threat for the health of society.
检测近期和新的HIV/1感染并采取预防措施非常重要，以便预防艾滋病的快速疾病进展并降低感染发生率。我们旨在通过确定首次检测到HIV/1血清学阳性的病例的传播时间来检测长期或近期的HIV感染。本研究纳入了323例经ELISA和Western印迹法检测为血清学阳性的病例的血清样本。通过使用Aware BED-EIA、HIV-1发病率检测（IgG捕获HIV-EIA）检测来确定传播时间，从而区分长期和近期的HIV/1感染。96名至少1年抗HIV检测未呈阳性且无慢性传染病的健康献血者被纳入本研究作为阴性健康对照组。在区分长期和近期的HIV/1感染时，仅使用体外ODn值。通过商业试剂盒检测归一化光密度（OD）（OD（样本）/OD（校准物））<0.8的病例被视为近期HIV感染（病史155天或血清转化少于6个月）。ODn>1.2的病例被视为长期HIV/1感染（病史超过155天或超过6个月）。ODn在0.8至1.2之间的病例被视为“需要进一步检测”的病例。我们在323例病例中检测到60例（18.5%）近期HIV/1感染（<6个月）和263例（81.5%）长期HIV/1感染（>6个月）。在长期和近期的HIV/1感染中最常遇到的传播途径是异性性行为，分别为54例（50%）和257例（97%）。63.3%的新感染患者为已婚女性，65.3%的近期感染患者为男性。总之，与近期感染（18.5%）相比，长期HIV/1感染病例的高比例（81.5%）的检测向我们表明，长期病例过去可能有一些与HIV/1传播相关的活动。在有异性性行为的个体以及已婚男性中检测到更高的HIV/1感染表明这种情况对社会健康构成了非常大的威胁。
