Zunzunegui V, Casabona J, Laguna J, Tor J, Ortiz C, Alameda J, González Lahoz J
Centro Universitario de Salud Pública, Madrid.
Med Clin (Barc). 1992 May 16;98(19):721-5.
The aims of this study were to estimate the rate of heterosexual transmission of HIV in a population of intravenous drug users (IVDU), as to well as to identify the possible risk factors associated.
One hundred thirty heterosexual couples were analyzed in which the male was seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with the only possible risk factor for the companion being the sexual intercourse with the case index.
The rate of global transmission estimated was 16% (confidence interval of 95% = 10-22.4%). The risk factors significantly associated to HIV transmission were: case index of over 30 years of age (OR = 3.1), clinical status IV (OR = 4.1), less than 0.8 x 10(8) lymphocytes/I (OR = 7), antecedents of sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the woman (OR = 4), and the practice of anal intercourse (OR = 3.1). In the multivariate analysis only the clinical status of the case index and the STC antecedents of the woman were statistically significant (p less than 0.05).
In this study some of the classical risk factors for the heterosexual transmission of HIV have been confirmed, and the importance of decreasing the prevalence of STD in the IVDU collective in Spain has been corroborated to lower heterosexual transmission and, indirectly the vertical transmission of AIDS.
本研究的目的是估计静脉吸毒人群中艾滋病毒的异性传播率，并确定相关的可能风险因素。
分析了130对异性恋伴侣，其中男性为人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）血清阳性，伴侣唯一可能的风险因素是与病例指数者发生性行为。
估计的总体传播率为16%（95%置信区间=10 - 22.4%）。与艾滋病毒传播显著相关的风险因素有：病例指数者年龄超过30岁（比值比=3.1）、临床状态IV（比值比=4.1）、淋巴细胞计数低于0.8×10⁸/I（比值比=7）、女性有性传播疾病（STD）史（比值比=4）以及肛交行为（比值比=3.1）。在多变量分析中，只有病例指数者的临床状态和女性的性传播疾病史具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。
在本研究中，已证实了一些艾滋病毒异性传播的经典风险因素，并且证实了降低西班牙静脉吸毒人群中性传播疾病患病率对于降低异性传播以及间接降低艾滋病垂直传播的重要性。
