Churchill S E, Trinkaus E
Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1990 Oct;83(2):147-60. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330830203.
Analysis of Neandertal and recent human scapular glenoid fossae reveals that the former had long, narrow, and flat glenoid articular surfaces relative to those of modern humans. Comparison of glenoid length, breadth, and curvature to humeral articular dimensions demonstrates that Neandertal glenoid length and curvature scale to proximal and distal humeral articular dimensions in the same manner as those of modern humans. The remaining contrast is in the relatively greater glenoid fossa width seen in modern humans. This difference in morphology implies differences in the habitual degree of dorsoventral glenohumeral movement between Neandertals and modern humans. This in turn may be related to contrasts in tool use, especially with respect to throwing and projectile use.
对尼安德特人和现代人类肩胛盂的分析表明，相对于现代人类，前者的肩胛骨关节面长、窄且平。将盂的长度、宽度和曲率与肱骨关节尺寸进行比较发现，尼安德特人盂的长度和曲率与近端和远端肱骨关节尺寸的比例关系与现代人类相同。其余的差异在于现代人类的肩胛盂相对更宽。这种形态上的差异意味着尼安德特人和现代人类在肩肱关节背腹向运动的习惯程度上存在差异。这反过来可能与工具使用的差异有关，尤其是在投掷和投射物使用方面。
