Bishop M J, Larson R P, Buschman D L
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Anesthesiology. 1990 Dec;73(6):1263-5. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199012000-00027.
The authors studied the particle size of aerosols of metaproterenol produced by three different actuators designed for use in patients with endotracheal tubes in place. These were compared with the metaproterenol aerosol produced by the actuator (provided by Boehringer-Ingelheim [BI]) that was supplied by the manufacturer for use in patients whose tracheas are not intubated. The volume of particles in the respiratory size range (1.0-5.1 microns) delivered to the end of the endotracheal tube were measured using adapters designed by Intec (IT), Instrumentation Industries (II), and Monaghan (MAIS). Particle numbers were measured using a CSAS 100 scattering-aerosol laser spectrometer, and volumes were calculated by assuming the particles were spheres. The authors found that the volume of particles in the respiratory range with the IT, II, and MAIS adapters plus endotracheal tube were 11, 31, and 66%, respectively, of the volume produced in the respiratory range by the BI. When particles likely to impact before reaching the lower airways (greater than 5 microns) were measured, almost none was produced by the adapters plus endotracheal tube, whereas the majority of drug volume in the BI aerosol was in the greater than 5 microns range. It was concluded that the aerosol produced by different actuators differ from each other, that all three produced less drug in the respiratory range than was produced by the manufacturer-supplied actuator, and that large particles are effectively removed by the adapter plus endotracheal tube.
作者研究了三种专为气管插管患者设计的不同雾化器所产生的间羟异丙肾上腺素气雾剂的颗粒大小。将这些与制造商提供的用于非气管插管患者的雾化器（由勃林格殷格翰公司[BI]提供）所产生的间羟异丙肾上腺素气雾剂进行了比较。使用英泰克公司（IT）、仪器工业公司（II）和莫纳根公司（MAIS）设计的转接器，测量了输送到气管插管末端的呼吸粒径范围（1.0 - 5.1微米）内的颗粒体积。使用CSAS 100散射气溶胶激光光谱仪测量颗粒数量，并假设颗粒为球体来计算体积。作者发现，使用IT、II和MAIS转接器加气管插管时，呼吸范围内的颗粒体积分别为BI所产生的呼吸范围内体积的11%、31%和66%。当测量可能在到达下呼吸道之前撞击的颗粒（大于5微米）时，转接器加气管插管几乎没有产生此类颗粒，而BI气雾剂中的大部分药物体积处于大于5微米的范围内。得出的结论是，不同雾化器产生的气雾剂彼此不同，所有三种在呼吸范围内产生的药物都比制造商提供的雾化器产生的少，并且大颗粒被转接器加气管插管有效地去除了。
