Mishra Mithilesh, Naik Veena V, Kale Alka D, Ankola Anil V, Pilli Ganga S
Department of Oral Pathology, ITS Dental College and Hospital, Greater Noida, Delhi-NCR, India.
Indian J Dent Res. 2011 Nov-Dec;22(6):823-6. doi: 10.4103/0970-9290.94678.
Perlecan means pearl-like structures. Perlecan is a large proteoglycan (400-500 kDa) present in virtually all vascularized tissues with a distribution that is primarily confined to basement membranes including those of oral mucosa. It is a basement membrane-type heparan sulfate proteoglycan. Perlecan is synthesized by basal cells and fibroblasts adjacent to the basal lamina . Perlecan is also synthesized by vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells present in the extracellular matrix. It has been demonstrated in recent years that perlecan is distributed in the stromal space of various pathophysiological conditions. The complex pleiotropy of perlecan suggests that this gene product is involved in several developmental processes, at both early and late stages of embryogenesis, as well as in cancer and diabetes. In the oral cavity, perlecan expression is reported to basal cells in normal mucosa and its expression increases in precancer and cancerous conditions. It is also expressed in various odontogenic tumors such as ameloblastoma, keratocyst odontogenic tumor, and also salivary gland tumors such as adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, etc.
基底膜聚糖意味着珍珠样结构。基底膜聚糖是一种大型蛋白聚糖（400 - 500 kDa），几乎存在于所有血管化组织中，其分布主要局限于基底膜，包括口腔黏膜的基底膜。它是一种基底膜型硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖。基底膜聚糖由基底细胞和成纤维细胞合成，这些细胞紧邻基底层。基底膜聚糖也由存在于细胞外基质中的血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞合成。近年来已证实，基底膜聚糖分布于各种病理生理状态的基质空间中。基底膜聚糖复杂的多效性表明，这种基因产物在胚胎发育的早期和晚期阶段的多个发育过程中发挥作用，同时也参与癌症和糖尿病的发生发展。在口腔中，据报道基底膜聚糖在正常黏膜的基底细胞中表达，在癌前病变和癌症状态下其表达增加。它也在各种牙源性肿瘤如成釉细胞瘤、牙源性角化囊肿中表达，还在涎腺肿瘤如腺样囊性癌、黏液表皮样癌等中表达。
