Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
J Vet Intern Med. 2012 May-Jun;26(3):506-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00914.x. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) in dogs usually are treated with antimicrobial drugs for 10-14 days. Shorter duration antimicrobial regimens have been evaluated in human patients.
A high dose short duration (HDSD) enrofloxacin protocol administered to dogs with uncomplicated UTI will not be inferior to a 14-day treatment regimen with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.
Client-owned adult, otherwise healthy dogs with aerobic bacterial urine culture yielding ≥ 10(3) CFU/mL of bacteria after cystocentesis.
Prospective, multicenter, controlled, randomized blinded clinical trial. Enrolled dogs were randomized to group 1 (enrofloxacin 18-20 mg/kg PO q24h for 3 days) or group 2 (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 13.75-25 mg/kg PO q12h for 14 days). Urine cultures were obtained at days 0, 10, and 21. Microbiologic and clinical cure rates were evaluated 7 days after antimicrobial treatment was discontinued. Lower urinary tract signs and adverse events also were recorded.
There were 35 dogs in group 1 and 33 in group 2. The microbiologic cure rate was 77.1 and 81.2% for groups 1 and 2, respectively. The clinical cure rate was 88.6 and 87.9% for groups 1 and 2, respectively. Cure rates between groups did not differ according to the selected margin of noninferiority.
HDSD enrofloxacin treatment was not inferior to a conventional amoxicillin-clavulanic acid protocol for the treatment of uncomplicated bacterial UTI in dogs. Further research is warranted to determine if this protocol will positively impact owner compliance and decrease the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.
犬只的单纯性尿路感染（UTI）通常采用抗菌药物治疗 10-14 天。人类患者的研究评估了更短的疗程抗菌方案。
给予患有单纯性 UTI 的犬只高剂量短期（HDSD）恩诺沙星方案，其疗效不会逊于阿莫西林克拉维酸 14 天治疗方案。
经膀胱穿刺采集尿液进行有氧细菌培养后，细菌浓度≥10(3)CFU/mL 的，有或无其他异常的成年、健康犬只。
前瞻性、多中心、对照、随机、双盲临床试验。将入组犬随机分为第 1 组（18-20mg/kg 恩诺沙星 PO，q24h，连续 3 天）或第 2 组（13.75-25mg/kg 阿莫西林克拉维酸 PO，q12h，连续 14 天）。在第 0、10 和 21 天采集尿液培养物。在停止抗菌治疗后 7 天评估微生物学和临床治愈率。还记录了下尿路感染症状和不良反应。
第 1 组有 35 只犬，第 2 组有 33 只犬。第 1 组和第 2 组的微生物学治愈率分别为 77.1%和 81.2%。第 1 组和第 2 组的临床治愈率分别为 88.6%和 87.9%。根据选择的非劣效性边界，两组的治愈率没有差异。
HDSD 恩诺沙星治疗与常规阿莫西林克拉维酸方案治疗犬只单纯性细菌性 UTI 效果相当。需要进一步研究以确定该方案是否会提高主人的依从性并减少抗菌药物耐药性的出现。
