偏头痛改变大脑：神经影像学崭露头角。
Migraine changes the brain: neuroimaging makes its mark.
机构信息
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
出版信息
Curr Opin Neurol. 2012 Jun;25(3):252-62. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e3283532ca3.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This review summarizes key findings of the current literature on functional neuroimaging in migraine and describes how these studies have changed our view of the disorder.
RECENT FINDINGS
Recent studies have started not only to investigate the global cerebral activation pattern during migraine attacks, but to address specific aspects of migraine attacks such as photophobia, osmophobia as well as pain perception with the aim of disentangling the underlying mechanisms. There is also more and more evidence that the migraine brain is abnormal even outside of attacks and that repeated attacks are leading to functional and structural alterations in the brain, which may in turn drive the transformation of migraine to its chronic form. Some new results are pinpointing toward a potential role of interesting new brain areas in migraine pathophysiology such as the temporal cortex or the basal ganglia.
SUMMARY
Neuroimaging studies are beginning to shed light on the mechanisms underlying the development and evolution of migraine and its specific symptoms. Future studies have the potential to also improve our understanding of established and upcoming treatment approaches and to monitor treatment effects in an objective and noninvasive way.
目的综述
本篇综述总结了偏头痛功能神经影像学研究的主要发现，并描述了这些研究如何改变我们对偏头痛的认识。
最新发现
最近的研究不仅开始研究偏头痛发作期间的全脑激活模式，还开始研究偏头痛发作的特定方面，如畏光、嗅觉恐惧症以及疼痛感知，以厘清潜在的发病机制。越来越多的证据表明，即使在偏头痛发作之外，偏头痛大脑也是异常的，反复发作会导致大脑的功能和结构改变，进而促使偏头痛向慢性偏头痛转变。一些新的结果表明，颞叶皮层或基底节等一些新的有趣脑区可能在偏头痛的病理生理学中发挥作用。
总结
神经影像学研究开始揭示偏头痛的发展和演变及其特定症状的潜在机制。未来的研究有可能提高我们对现有和新出现的治疗方法的理解，并以客观和非侵入性的方式监测治疗效果。
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