Breast Disease Department, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, and Epidemiology Institute, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2012 Mar;125(5):733-40.
There has been an increase in the incidence of breast cancer in China, but no definite risk and protective factors for breast cancer have been identified in Chinese females. This study was designed to identify the risk factors for female breast cancer in North and East China.
A 1:3 matched, case-control study was conducted. All of the subjects in the case and control groups were selected from a previous epidemiological survey of 122 058 females aged 25 to 70 years. Single and multiple Logistic regression analyses were used to study potential factors in the development of breast cancer.
Significant differences at the level of α=0.20 between case and control groups were observed for the following factors: economic status, social status, family annual income, bean product consumption, body mass index (BMI), family history of breast cancer in the first or second degree, number of miscarriages, menstrual pattern, benign breast disease history, nipple leakage, inverted nipple, history of diabetes mellitus, history of hypertension, history of ovarian cyst, physical exercise, current and global quality of life satisfaction, healthy behavior and prevention, and scores of breast cancer-related knowledge. After Cox-regression model analysis (α=0.10), six factors were found to be significantly related to breast cancer, of which the ORs and 95%CIs were: BMI, 1.696 (1.169-2.460, P=0.005); benign breast disease history, 2.672 (0.848-8.416, P=0.093); family history of breast cancer, 7.080 (1.758-28.551, P=0.006); number of miscarriages, 1.738 (1.014-2.978, P=0.044); global quality of life satisfaction, 3.044 (1.804-5.136, P=0.000); healthy behavior and prevention, 3.294 (1.692-6.412, P=0.000).
A comprehensive range of factors related to breast cancer was identified. Women should be educated about a healthy lifestyle, especially those with a family history of breast cancer or a personal history of benign breast disease.
中国乳腺癌发病率呈上升趋势，但尚未明确中国女性乳腺癌的明确危险因素和保护因素。本研究旨在确定中国北方和东部女性乳腺癌的危险因素。
采用 1:3 匹配的病例对照研究。病例组和对照组的所有研究对象均来自对 122058 名年龄在 25-70 岁的女性进行的先前流行病学调查。采用单因素和多因素 logistic 回归分析研究乳腺癌发生的潜在因素。
病例组与对照组之间在经济状况、社会地位、家庭年收入、豆制品摄入量、体质量指数（BMI）、乳腺癌一级或二级亲属史、流产次数、月经模式、良性乳腺疾病史、乳头溢液、乳头内陷、糖尿病史、高血压史、卵巢囊肿史、体力活动、当前和全球生活质量满意度、健康行为和预防、乳腺癌相关知识得分等因素上存在统计学差异（α=0.20）。经 Cox 回归模型分析（α=0.10），有 6 个因素与乳腺癌显著相关，其 OR 值和 95%CI 为：BMI，1.696（1.169-2.460，P=0.005）；良性乳腺疾病史，2.672（0.848-8.416，P=0.093）；乳腺癌家族史，7.080（1.758-28.551，P=0.006）；流产次数，1.738（1.014-2.978，P=0.044）；全球生活质量满意度，3.044（1.804-5.136，P=0.000）；健康行为和预防，3.294（1.692-6.412，P=0.000）。
确定了一系列与乳腺癌相关的因素。应教育女性养成健康的生活方式，特别是有乳腺癌家族史或良性乳腺疾病史的女性。
