University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.
J Interpers Violence. 2012 Sep;27(14):2770-89. doi: 10.1177/0886260512438280. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
Although there has been an increase in research on sex offenders' modus operandi, geographic decision making, and hunting behavior, most studies still tend to emphasize criminal motivation while overlooking the role of situational and environmental factors. Studies of mixed samples of rapists and child molesters typically neglect to conduct comparative analyses. Consequently, the full nature of their distinction is not clear. This is particularly problematic for the understanding of crossover or polymorphous sex offenders, who target victims from various age groups. Using a sample of 216 incarcerated sexual offenders, hunting behavior patterns were identified and tested to establish which hunting behavior patterns were associated with each type of offender. Relationships between modus operandi, geographic decision making, and hunting behavior were also examined. Three types of offender were identified: (a) manipulative; (b) opportunist; and (c) coercive. The manipulative offender is typically a child molester. The coercive offender is typically a rapist. The opportunist offender includes both rapists and child molesters. These findings emphasize the relevance of polymorphous, crossover, or versatile sex offenders and suggest new ways of conceptualizing sex offenders and their study.
尽管关于性犯罪者作案手法、地理决策和狩猎行为的研究有所增加，但大多数研究仍倾向于强调犯罪动机，而忽略了情境和环境因素的作用。对强奸犯和恋童癖者混合样本的研究通常忽略了进行比较分析。因此，他们之间区别的全貌并不清楚。这对于理解跨性别或多态性性犯罪者特别成问题，他们针对不同年龄组的受害者。使用 216 名被监禁的性犯罪者样本，确定并测试了狩猎行为模式，以确定哪些狩猎行为模式与每种类型的犯罪者有关。还研究了作案手法、地理决策和狩猎行为之间的关系。确定了三种类型的犯罪者：（a）操纵者；（b）机会主义者；和（c）强迫者。操纵者通常是恋童癖者。强迫者通常是强奸犯。机会主义者包括强奸犯和恋童癖者。这些发现强调了多态性、跨性别或多功能性犯罪者的相关性，并提出了新的概念化性犯罪者及其研究的方法。
