Kishida Noriko, Fujisaki Seiichiro, Yokoyama Masaru, Sato Hironori, Saito Reiko, Ikematsu Hideyuki, Xu Hong, Takashita Emi, Tashiro Masato, Takao Shinichi, Yano Takuya, Suga Tomoko, Kawakami Chiharu, Yamamoto Miwako, Kajiyama Keiko, Saito Hiroyuki, Shimada Shin'ichi, Watanabe Sumi, Aoki Satomi, Taira Katsuya, Kon Miyako, Lin Jih-Hui, Odagiri Takato
Laboratory of Influenza Virus Surveillance, Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2012 Jun;19(6):897-908. doi: 10.1128/CVI.05726-11. Epub 2012 Apr 4.
The vaccine strains against influenza virus A/H3N2 for the 2010-2011 season and influenza virus B for the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 seasons in Japan are a high-growth reassortant A/Victoria/210/2009 (X-187) strain and an egg-adapted B/Brisbane/60/2008 (Victoria lineage) strain, respectively. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests with postinfection ferret antisera indicated that the antisera raised against the X-187 and egg-adapted B/Brisbane/60/2008 vaccine production strains poorly inhibited recent epidemic isolates of MDCK-grown A/H3N2 and B/Victoria lineage viruses, respectively. The low reactivity of the ferret antisera may be attributable to changes in the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of production strains during egg adaptation. To evaluate the efficacy of A/H3N2 and B vaccines, the cross-reactivities of postvaccination human serum antibodies against A/H3N2 and B/Victoria lineage epidemic isolates were assessed by a comparison of the geometric mean titers (GMTs) of HI and neutralization (NT) tests. Serum antibodies elicited by the X-187 vaccine had low cross-reactivity to both MDCK- and egg-grown A/H3N2 isolates by HI test and narrow cross-reactivity by NT test in all age groups. On the other hand, the GMTs to B viruses detected by HI test were below the marginal level, so the cross-reactivity was assessed by NT test. The serum neutralizing antibodies elicited by the B/Brisbane/60/2008 vaccine reacted well with egg-grown B viruses but exhibited remarkably low reactivity to MDCK-grown B viruses. The results of these human serological studies suggest that the influenza A/H3N2 vaccine for the 2010-2011 season and B vaccine for the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 seasons may possess insufficient efficacy and low efficacy, respectively.
日本2010 - 2011年度针对甲型H3N2流感病毒的疫苗株以及2009 - 2010年度和2010 - 2011年度针对乙型流感病毒的疫苗株，分别是高生长重组甲型/维多利亚/210/2009（X - 187）株和鸡胚适应的乙型/布里斯班/60/2008（维多利亚系）株。用感染后雪貂抗血清进行的血凝抑制（HI）试验表明，针对X - 187和鸡胚适应的乙型/布里斯班/60/2008疫苗生产株产生的抗血清，分别对近期流行的MDCK培养的甲型H3N2和乙型维多利亚系病毒分离株的抑制作用较差。雪貂抗血清的低反应性可能归因于疫苗生产株在鸡胚适应过程中血凝素（HA）蛋白的变化。为评估甲型H3N2和乙型流感疫苗的效力，通过比较HI试验和中和（NT）试验的几何平均滴度（GMT），评估接种疫苗后人体血清抗体对甲型H3N2和乙型维多利亚系流行病毒分离株的交叉反应性。X - 187疫苗诱导产生的血清抗体，通过HI试验对MDCK培养和鸡胚培养的甲型H3N2分离株的交叉反应性较低，并通过NT试验在所有年龄组中显示出较窄的交叉反应性。另一方面，通过HI试验检测到的针对乙型病毒的GMT低于临界水平，因此通过NT试验评估交叉反应性。乙型/布里斯班/60/2008疫苗诱导产生的血清中和抗体与鸡胚培养的乙型病毒反应良好，但对MDCK培养的乙型病毒的反应性显著较低。这些人体血清学研究结果表明，2010 - 2011年度的甲型H3N2流感疫苗以及2009 - 2010年度和2010 - 2011年度的乙型流感疫苗可能分别具有效力不足和效力低下的问题。
