University of Erlangen, Department of Neurology , 91054 Erlangen , Germany +49 9131 85 32187 ; +49 9131 85 36957 ;
Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2012 May;16(5):451-62. doi: 10.1517/14728222.2012.677438. Epub 2012 Apr 12.
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a myelin antigen at the outer surface of the central nervous system (CNS) myelin sheath, which may trigger T-cell as well as B-cell responses. It therefore constitutes a pivotal target for autoimmune responses, which result in inflammation and also demyelination in the CNS. In particular, it is a major target for auto-antibodies in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which mimics many aspects of multiple sclerosis (MS). B-cell responses toward MOG and anti-MOG antibodies have also been demonstrated in patients with demyelinating diseases, such as MS and acute disseminating encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Co-transfer of such anti-MOG antibodies in experimental models results in a distinct lesion pattern with antibody and complement-mediated demyelination, which is also hallmark of some lesion subtypes in MS.
A comprehensive literature search on MOG, B cells, MS, and ADEM was performed to outline the role of MOG in autoimmune demyelination in animal models and its relevance for human disease.
Although the definite role of MOG in the pathogenesis of MS still remains to be clarified, innovative therapeutic strategies targeting B cells may reduce pathogenic immune responses against myelin auto-antigens including anti-myelin auto-antibodies.
髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白（MOG）是中枢神经系统（CNS）髓鞘外表面的髓鞘抗原，可能引发 T 细胞和 B 细胞反应。因此，它构成了自身免疫反应的关键靶点，导致 CNS 炎症和脱髓鞘。特别是，它是实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）中自身抗体的主要靶点，EAE 模仿多发性硬化症（MS）的许多方面。在脱髓鞘疾病患者中，如 MS 和急性播散性脑脊髓炎（ADEM），也已经证明了针对 MOG 和抗 MOG 抗体的 B 细胞反应。在实验模型中共同转移此类抗 MOG 抗体可导致抗体和补体介导的脱髓鞘，这也是 MS 一些病变亚型的特征。
对 MOG、B 细胞、MS 和 ADEM 进行了全面的文献检索，以概述 MOG 在动物模型自身免疫性脱髓鞘中的作用及其与人类疾病的相关性。
尽管 MOG 在 MS 发病机制中的明确作用仍有待阐明，但针对 B 细胞的创新治疗策略可能会减少针对包括抗髓鞘自身抗体在内的髓鞘自身抗原的致病性免疫反应。
