Venmathi Maran B A, Oh Sung-Yong, Soh Ho Young, Choi Hee Jung, Myoung Jung-Goo
Marine Biology and Living Resources Research Department, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Ansan, P.O. Box 29, Seoul 425-600, Republic of Korea.
Vet Parasitol. 2012 Sep 10;188(3-4):355-61. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.03.023. Epub 2012 Mar 22.
Caligid copepods (Crustacea) known as sea lice are pests of cultured fish, causing serious diseases and economic losses in fish aquaculture worldwide. One species, Caligus sclerotinosus Roubal, Armitage & Rohde, 1983 (Caligidae), is considered a serious pest of the highly prized red seabream Pagrus major (Temminck and Schlegel, 1843) (Sparidae) cultured in Japan. Recently, in neighboring Korea, red seabream culture has intensified and almost replaced yellow tail culture. However, until now, there have been no reports on infection of this sea louse from red seabream in Korea. We surveyed 120 (20 fish per month) P. major from a sea ranched Tongyeong Marine Research Center aquaculture facility, Gyeongsangnamdo, Korea for six months in 2011 (June to November). We recorded severe infection by the sea louse C. sclerotinosus on the skin of P. major. Prevalence was 100%, mean intensity 7.06, maximum intensity 49, and minimum intensity 2. Adult females (624), males (219) and few chalimi (5) were observed and identified by their morphology. As an average of all our collections, less than 0.6% of individuals were chalimi. We suggest, therefore, that adults of C. sclerotinosus undergo ontogenetic host switching after their final moult. No infection of C. sclerotinosus was found on wild P. major collected from Tongyeong and Yeosu fish markets on the southern coast of Korea. Severe infection by this sea louse may cause secondary infections of the host. This copepod is already reported from Australia and Japan and hence, this is the first report from Korea. We expect this pest to have an impact on Korean red seabream fisheries equally serious to that being experienced in Japan.
称为海虱的锚头鳋桡足类动物（甲壳纲）是养殖鱼类的害虫，在全球鱼类养殖中造成严重疾病和经济损失。其中一种，即1983年命名的硬蜱锚头鳋（Caligus sclerotinosus Roubal、Armitage & Rohde）（锚头鳋科），被认为是日本养殖的高价值真鲷（Pagrus major (Temminck and Schlegel, 1843)）（鲷科）的严重害虫。最近，在邻国韩国，真鲷养殖有所加强，几乎取代了黄尾鱼养殖。然而，到目前为止，韩国尚未有关于真鲷感染这种海虱的报道。2011年6月至11月，我们对韩国庆尚南道统营海洋研究中心海水养殖设施中养殖的120尾真鲷（每月20尾）进行了为期六个月的调查。我们记录到真鲷皮肤上有硬蜱锚头鳋的严重感染。感染率为100%，平均感染强度为7.06，最大感染强度为49，最小感染强度为2。通过形态学观察和鉴定，发现了成年雌性（624只）、雄性（219只）和少量幼体（5只）。在我们所有的样本中，幼体平均占比不到0.6%。因此，我们认为硬蜱锚头鳋成虫在最后一次蜕皮后会发生个体发育过程中的宿主转换。在从韩国南部海岸统营和丽水鱼市采集的野生真鲷身上未发现硬蜱锚头鳋感染。这种海虱的严重感染可能会导致宿主继发感染。这种桡足类动物已在澳大利亚和日本有过报道，因此，这是韩国的首次报道。我们预计这种害虫对韩国真鲷渔业的影响将与日本所经历的同样严重。
