Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2013 Apr;39(2):180-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.03.005. Epub 2012 Apr 9.
Mesenchymal (multipotent) stem/stromal cells (MSCs) may affect cancer progression through a number of secreted factors triggering activation of various cell signaling pathways. Depending on receptor status, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) status, or Wnt activation in the cancer cells, the signals may either result in increased growth and metastasis or lead to inhibition of growth with increased cell death. Thus, MSCs can play a dual role in cancer progression depending on the cellular context wherein they reside. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway has a central role in regulating tumor growth, and several MSC secreted factors stimulate activation of this pathway. A comprehensive understanding of the signals regulating MSC-tumor cross-talk is highly important for the development of MSCs as potential therapeutic vehicles. Thus, the presented review focuses on factors released by MSCs and on the dual role they may have on various stages of tumorigenesis.
间充质（多能）干细胞（MSCs）可能通过多种分泌因子触发各种细胞信号通路的激活来影响癌症的进展。根据癌细胞中受体状态、磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物（PTEN）状态或 Wnt 的激活情况，这些信号可能导致生长和转移增加，或者导致细胞死亡增加而抑制生长。因此，MSCs 可以根据其所在的细胞环境在癌症进展中发挥双重作用。磷酸肌醇-3-激酶（PI3K）/Akt 信号通路在调节肿瘤生长中起核心作用，并且几种 MSC 分泌因子刺激该通路的激活。全面了解调节 MSC-肿瘤串扰的信号对于将 MSCs 作为潜在的治疗载体非常重要。因此，本综述重点介绍了 MSC 释放的因子以及它们在肿瘤发生的各个阶段可能具有的双重作用。
