Do bisphosphonates slow the progression of aortic stenosis?

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of bisphosphonates on the progression of aortic stenosis.

BACKGROUND

Valvular calcification is associated with the development and progression of aortic stenosis. Bisphosphonates have been suggested to slow this progression.

METHODS

Female patients older than the age of 60 years with an aortic valve area (AVA) between 1.0 and 2.0 cm(2) were identified and studied retrospectively. Only those who had follow-up echocardiograms at least a year apart were included. Primary outcomes were the change in AVA and valvular gradients over time. Mortality and freedom from aortic valve replacement were also studied. A propensity-matching method was applied for the probability of the use of bisphosphonates.

RESULTS

The study included 801 female patients (mean age, 76 ± 7.6 years) with a mean follow-up of 5.1 ± 2.4 years. The mean duration of bisphosphonate use was 3.1 ± 2.6 years. At the time of the initial echocardiogram, 323 patients (38%) were taking bisphosphonates. The mean ejection fraction at baseline was 56.7 ± 9.6% with a mean AVA of 1.32 ± 0.25 cm(2). Peak and mean gradients were 28.4 ± 11 mm Hg and 15.6 ± 6.8 mm Hg, respectively. Propensity matching was successfully performed for 438 patients. On follow-up, there were no differences in the rate of change in AVA or peak and mean gradients when patients were stratified based on the use of bisphosphonates. Bisphosphonates also had no impact on survival or freedom from aortic valve replacement.

CONCLUSIONS

In this retrospective analysis of older female patients, bisphosphonates do not have a significant impact on the hemodynamic or clinical progression of aortic stenosis.