Division of Vaccine Preventable Disease Control and National Immunization Program, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Gangoe-myon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea.
Int J Infect Dis. 2012 Jun;16(6):e448-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.02.006. Epub 2012 Apr 11.
Japanese encephalitis (JE) was the leading cause of viral encephalitis among children in South Korea in the 20(th) century. This study summarizes recent changes in the epidemiology of JE following the implementation of a vigorous immunization program in the country.
Epidemiological investigations were performed for all reported laboratory-confirmed JE cases, and the cumulative incidence was calculated for the surveillance years 2007-2010.
During the surveillance period, 45 cases of JE were confirmed in the country, resulting in a cumulative incidence of 0.013-0.055 cases per 100 000 population. The median age of cases was 49.4 years, and by age group, 44.4% were aged 40-49 years. Just under a quarter (22.2%) of the cases were found to live close to a pigsty, while 42.2% of the cases were found to reside in the metropolitan areas of Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi-do. None of the cases had a history of vaccination.
Although JE has traditionally been regarded as a children's disease, the majority of cases now occur in adults in countries where strong immunization programs exist, such as in South Korea. Consideration should be given to an adult vaccination policy in the near future.
在 20 世纪，日本脑炎（JE）是韩国儿童病毒性脑炎的主要病因。本研究总结了在全国实施强化免疫计划后 JE 流行病学的近期变化。
对所有报告的实验室确诊 JE 病例进行了流行病学调查，并计算了 2007-2010 年监测年的累积发病率。
在监测期间，该国确诊了 45 例 JE，累积发病率为每 10 万人 0.013-0.055 例。病例的中位年龄为 49.4 岁，按年龄组划分，44.4%为 40-49 岁。近四分之一（22.2%）的病例被发现居住在猪圈附近，而 42.2%的病例居住在首尔、仁川和京畿道的大都市区。这些病例均无疫苗接种史。
尽管 JE 传统上被认为是儿童疾病，但在韩国等实施了强有力免疫计划的国家，现在大多数病例发生在成年人中。在不久的将来，应考虑制定成人疫苗接种政策。
