Mirochnik Brandon, Bhargava Puneet, Dighe Manjiri K, Kanth Nalini
Department of Radiology, Nassau University Medical Center, East Meadow, NY 11554, USA.
Radiol Clin North Am. 2012 Mar;50(2):317-32, vi. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2012.02.005. Epub 2012 Mar 3.
Palpable scrotal mass, acute scrotal pain, and enlarged scrotum are common scenarios in clinical practice. The imaging modality of choice to evaluate scrotal pathology is ultrasound (US). US is key in determining if a palpable abnormality is extratesticular or intratesticular and cystic or solid. US findings help narrow the differential to benign or malignant causes. Extratesticular lesions are more common and usually benign. Rarely, extratesticular solid lesions are malignant but US features are nonspecific. Accurately diagnosing rare benign intratesticular lesions is vital to avoid unnecessary orchiectomy. This article reviews extratesticular and intratesticular lesions presenting as a palpable mass and other conditions commonly seen.
可触及的阴囊肿块、急性阴囊疼痛和阴囊增大是临床实践中的常见情况。评估阴囊病变的首选影像学检查方法是超声（US）。超声对于确定可触及的异常是睾丸外还是睾丸内、囊性还是实性至关重要。超声检查结果有助于缩小鉴别范围，判断是良性还是恶性病因。睾丸外病变更为常见，通常是良性的。很少见的是，睾丸外实性病变是恶性的，但超声特征不具有特异性。准确诊断罕见的睾丸内良性病变对于避免不必要的睾丸切除术至关重要。本文综述了表现为可触及肿块的睾丸外和睾丸内病变以及其他常见情况。
